Avtor/Urednik		Kirinčič, Stanislava
Naslov		Gensko spremenjeni organizmi v živilih: narava, označevanje in določanje
Prevedeni naslov		Genetically modified organisms in foods: nature, labelling and determination
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vars
Vol. in št.		Letnik 43, št. 4
Leto izdaje		2004
Obseg		str. 226-35
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Today, genetically modified (GM) plants are the most commonly used food among GM modified organisms and their product used as food. Into the genetic material of these plants, a gene or several genes of different species, not necessarily related to plants, have been stably introduced using one of the methods of genetic engineering. The purpose of this modification is to breed more productive and pest-resistant plants, or to produce products of better or different quality than those grown by previous cultivars. Contrary to the global trend of increased production of GM plants, overall public opinion remains negative towards GM foods. The European Union therefore adopted strict legislation, which, in addition to other issues, regulates authorization for producing and placing onto the market GM foods . In addition, it is concerned with assessment of risks of GM organisms to human health, as well as with labelling, traceability and, consequently, with the development of analytical methods for detection of GM organisms in foods.
Izvleček		Gensko spremenjeni organizmi in njihovi proizvodi se danes uporabljajo za namen živil predvsem kot gensko spremenjene rastline. Gensko spremenjena rastlina je tista rastlina, pri kateri je bil gen ali več genov iz različnih vrst organizmov, ki niso nujno v sorodu z rastlino, stabilno vključen v rastlinski genetski material z eno od metod genskega inženirstva. Namen takšnega spreminjanja je vzgojiti bolj produktivne, na različne bolezni in škodljivce odporne rastline in izboljšati oziroma spremeniti kakovost proizvodov, v primerjavi s prejšnjimi kultivarji. Kljub globalnemu trendu rasti pridelovanja gensko spremenjenih rastlin, javno mnenje kaže odklonilen odnos do gensko spremenjene hrane. Evropska unija je zato razvila strogo zakonodajo za urejanje področja gensko spremenjenih živil, ki med drugim predpisuje izdajanje dovoljenj za pridelovanje in dajanje na trg, ocenjevanje tveganja za zdravje Ijudi, označevanje in sledenje ter posledično tudi razvijanje analitskih metod za določanje vsebnosti gensko spremenjenih organizmov vživilih.
Deskriptorji		FOOD ANALYSIS PLANTS, TRANSGENIC GENETIC ENGINEERING LEGISLATION, FOOD POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOOD LABELING ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY