Author/Editor		Brecelj, Jelka; Stirn-Kranjc, Branka
Title		Vidna elektrofiziologija pri otroku
Translated title		Visual electrophysiology in children
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 74, št. 10
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 631-41
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. Electrophysiological assessment of vision in children helps to recognise abnormal development of the visual system when it is still susceptible to medication and enventual correction. Visual electrophysiology provides information about the function of the retina (retinal pigment epithelium, cone and rod receptors, bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells), optic nerve, chiasmal and postchiasmal visual pathway, and visual cortex. Methods. Electroretinograms (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) are recorded non-invasively; in infants are recorded simultaneously ERG with skin electrodes, while in older children separately ERG with HK loop electrode in accordance with ISCEV (International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision) recommendations. Results. Clinical and electrophysiological changes in children with nystagmus, Lebers congenital amaurosis, achromatopsia, congenital stationary night blindness, progressive retinal dystrophies, optic nerve hypoplasia, albinism, achiasmia, optic neuritis and visual pathway tumours are presented. Conclusions. Electrophysiological tests can help to indicate the nature and the location of dysfunction in unclear ophthalmological and/or neurological cases.
Summary		Izhodišča. Elektrofiziološko vrednotenje vida pri otrocih omogoča odkrivanje nenormalnega razvoja vidnega sistema v fazi, ko je le-ta dovolj plastičen, da se dajo nekatere napake povsem popraviti, druge pa vsaj zgodaj prepoznati ali zdraviti. Elektrofiziološko ocenjujemo delovanje mrežnice (pigmentalnega epitela, čepnic, paličnic, biopolarnih, amakrinih in ganglijskih celic), vidnega živca, področje kiazme, retrokiazemske vidne poti in vidne skorje. Metode. Elektroretinogram (ERG) in vidne evocirane potencialne (VEP) snemamo neinvazivno, pri dojenčkih oboje hkrati in samo s kožnimi elektrodami, pri starejših otrocih pa - v skladu z merili ISCEV (International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision) - ločeno in z elektrodo HK. Rezultati. Opisane so klinične in elektrofiziološke spremembe pri otrocih z nistagmusom, Leberjevo kongenitalno amavrozo, akromatopsijo, prirojeno stacionarno nočno slepoto, progresivnimi distrofijami mrežnice, hipoplazijo vidnega živca, albinizmom, akiazmijo, optičnim nevritisom in tumorji vidne poti. Zaključki. Elektrofiziološke preiskave lahko pomagajo pojasniti diagnostično nejasno oftalmološko in/ali nevrološko stanje pri dojenčku in otroku.
Descriptors		EVOKED POTENTIALS, VISUAL ELECTRORETINOGRAPHY NYSTAGMUS OPTIC ATROPHY, HEREDITARY COLOR VISION DEFECTS CHILD NIGHT BLINDNESS OPTIC ATROPHY ALBINISM, OCULAR OPTIC NEURITIS