Author/Editor		Juhart, Nataša; Kaučič, Boris Miha; Leskovšek, Nataša
Title		Vpliv dietnega prehranjevanja na kakovost življenja pacientov s kronično ledvično boleznijo
Type		članek
Source		In: Medicinske sestre in babice - ključne za zdravstveni sistem : zbornik prispevkov z recenzijo Ljubljana : Zbornica zdravstvene in babiške nege Slovenije - Zveza strokovnih društev medicinskih sester, babic in zdravstvenih tehnikov Slovenije, Nacionalni center za strokovni, karierni in osebnostni razvoj medicinskih sester in babic
Publication year		2017
Volume		str. 151-162
Language		slv
Abstract		Uvod: Dietno prehranjevanje pri pacientih s kronično ledvično boleznijo vpliva na kakovost njihovega življenja, zato postane del terapije. Z raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti, kako vpliva upoštevanje/neupoštevanje dietnega prehranjevanja na kakovost življenja pacientov s kronično ledvično boleznijo. Metoda: Raziskava temelji na kvalitativni metodi raziskovanja, metodi utemeljene teorije. Instrument raziskave je bil polstrukturiran intervju s 14 vprašanji. Vprašanja za intervju smo oblikovali na osnovi pregleda literature. Uporabljen je bil neslučajnostni, namenski vzorec. V intervjuju je sodelovalo šest pacientov s kroničnim ledvičnim obolenjem, ki se zdravijo s hemodializo in izpolnjujejo vnaprej postavljene kriterije: so bili starejši od 30 let, niso stanovali v domu starejših občanov in niso bolehali za sladkorno boleznijo. Vsi intervjuvani so podali informirano soglasje k sodelovanju v raziskavi. Rezultati: Na podlagi kvalitativne analize besedila smo ugotovili, da se je življenje intervjuvanim pacientom, odkar so zboleli zaradi kronične ledvične bolezni, spremenilo. Pacienti se zavedajo, da prehranjevalne navade pomembno vplivajo na potek kronične ledvične bolezni in da lahko z upoštevanjem dietnih priporočil odložijo zdravljenje s hemodializo, kar vpliva na višjo stopnjo kakovosti njihovega življenja. Štirje od šestih pacientov so imeli zaradi neupoštevanja dietnih priporočil zdravstvene težave zaradi povišanega kalija v krvi, dva od šestih pacientov pa sta navedla zdravstvene težave zaradi zvišane vrednosti fosforja v krvi. Diskusija: Upoštevanje dietnega prehranjevanja pomembno vpliva na potek kronične ledvične bolezni, pomeni odlog zdravljenja s hemodializo ter manj zdravstvenih težav in zapletov pri pacientu. Medicinska sestra z zdravstveno vzgojnim delom pomembno prispeva k informiranosti in motiviranosti pacientov o dietnem načinu prehranjevanja.Theoretical premises: Special diet in patients with chronic kidney disease influences the quality of their lives, and therefore it becomes part of the therapy. With our research we wanted to establish how following/not following dietary recommendations influences the lives of patients with chronic kidney disease. Method: We used a qualitative research method, the method of grounded theory. The research instrument was a semi-structured interview with 14 questions. The interview questions were formed on the basis of a literature review. A non-random, purposive sample was used. The participants in the study were six patients with chronic kidney disease, who were treated with hemodialysis and fulfilled the preliminary criteria: they were older than 30 years, they did not reside in nursing homes, and did not have diabetes. All of the respondents gave an informed consent to participate in the study. Results: On the basis of the qualitative text analysis we established that the lives of the interviewed patients have changed since they fell ill with the chronic kidney disease. From the experience of the patients we can establish that dietary habits significantly influence the course of the chronic kidney disease. All of the patients agree that by following dietary recommendations they can delay treatment with hemodialysis, which positively influences the quality of their lives. Four out of six patients experienced medical problems due to high potassium levels in their blood caused by not following dietary recommendations, whereas two of them reported about medical problems due to high levels of phosphorus in their blood. Discussion: Dietary nutrition significantly influence the course of the chronic kidney disease, mean a delay in treatment with hemodialysis and less medical problems and complications in patients. Nurses can through health education work substantially contribute to the patients% knowledge about healthy dietary habits and to their motivation for following a diet plan.
Keywords		dietary habits quality of life chronic kidney disease health education work nurses prehranjevalne navade kakovost življenja kronična ledvična bolezen zdravstveno vzgojno delo medicinske sestre