Author/Editor		Pečjak, Vid
Title		Nov psihološki pogled na staranje
Translated title		New psychological view of ageing
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vars
Vol. and No.		Letnik 38, št. 1-2
Publication year		1999
Volume		str. 10-3
Language		slo
Abstract		Aged people of to-day are in a better physical and mental condition as they were decades ago. They are more active at work andsocially and demand more from their environment. Being numerous, they have a great political and social power. Notwith-standing, they are still victims of various prejudices and stereotypes, two of which are especially important: that all the aged people are the same and that all mental functions decline at the same speed. The truth is exactly the opposite: differences among them are bigger than in earlier years, and their functions deteriorate at various rates. Reactive abilities deteriorate most rapidly, followed by the sensony ones. Out of intellectual functions the fluid inteligence deteriorates more rapidly, while crystallized inteligence and wisdom persist and can for time even increase. Decline of intellectual functions can be influenced also by emotional (i. e. depression) and motivational reasons (i. e. apathy). Preservation of mental functions depends also from individuals self-image ("ego") and real life (physical and intellectual activities, compensations, social relations and prevailing mental state).
Summary		Današnji starejši ljudje so telesno in duševno bolje ohranjeni kot pred desetletji. V delovnem in socialnem pogledu so aktivnejši in zahtevnejši do okolja. Ker jih je veliko, imajo politično in družbeno moč. Kljub temu so še vedno žrtev raznih predsodkov in stereotipov, med katerimi sta posebno pomembna dva: da so vsi starejši ljudje enaki in da vse duševne funkcije propadajo enako hitro. Resnica pa je ravno obratna: razlike so večje kot v zgodnejših letih, funkcije pa propadajo neenakomerno. Najhitreje opešajo reaktivne sposobnosti, sledijo senzome. Od razumskih funkcij propada hitreje fluidna inteligentnost, medtem ko se kristalizirana inteligentnost in modrost ohranjata, lahko celo nekaj časa naraščata. Na upad razumskih funkcij vplivajo tudi emocionalni (npr. depresija) in motivacijski razlogi (npr. apatija). Ohranitev duševnih funkcij je odvisna tudi od posameznikove podobe samega sebe ("jaza") in pravega življenja (telesne in umske aktivnosti, kompenzacij, socialnih odnosov in prevladujočega duševnega stanja).
Descriptors		AGED PSYCHOLOGY MENTAL HEALTH PHYSICAL FITNESS AGING