Author/Editor		Lejko-Zupanc, Tatjana
Title		Bakterijske in glivične okužbe pri odvisnikih od intravenskih drog
Translated title		Bacterial and fungal infections in intravenous drug addicts
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 41, št. Suppl 2
Publication year		2002
Volume		str. 103-12
Language		slo
Abstract		Infections are a common cause of morbidity in intravenous drug addicts. Although viral infections such as hepatitis are by far the most common, severe bacterial and fungal infections are a leading cause of hospitalization. Special psychosocial issues often complicate treatment of drug users with suspected infection. The most common bacterial infections are those of the skin and soft tissues or the osteoarticular system, and also systemic bacterial infections such as right-sided infective endocarditis. Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequent single bacterial pathogen, but mixed infections and infections with unusual microorganisms are also common. Although relatively rare, fungal infections in drug users carry a high mortality rate, are difficult to eradicate and can cause severe disability. Some fungal infections, such as disseminated candidiasis syndrome, are specific to the population of intravenous drug users and are epidemiologically linked to some forms of risk behavior. The data on usage of illicit drugs should be actively sought, especially in patients with an unusual clinical picture of bacterial or fungal infection.
Summary		Okužbe so pogost vzrok obolevnosti pri odvisnikih od intravenskih drog. Čeprav so virusne okužbe, kot na primer hepatitis, najpogostejše, so vzrok za bolnišnično zdravljenje največkrat hude bakterijske in glivične okužbe. Zdravljenje odvisnika z okužbo je pogosto zapleteno zaradi psihosocialnih posebnosti pri tej skupini bolnikov. Med bakterijskimi okužbami vodijo okužbe kože, mehkih tkiv, okostja in sistemske bakterijske okužbe kot npr. desnostranski infekcijski endokarditis. Najpogostejši povzročitelj bakterijskih okužb je Staphylococcus aureus, pogoste pa so tudi mešane bakterijske okužbe in okužbe s sicer redkimi ali nenavadnimi povzročitelji. Glivične okužbe so redke, vendar težko ozdravljive in lahko povzročajo hudo invalidnost ali celo smrt bolnika. Nekatere glivične okužbe, kot npr. sindrom razsejane kandidoze, so specifične za populacijo odvisnikov od intravenskih drog in so epidemiološko povezane s tveganim obnašanjem teh bolnikov. Anamnestični podatek o nedovoljeni uporabi drog je pogosto ključnega pomena za postavitev diagnoze in ga je treba aktivno iskati.
Descriptors		SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS BACTERIAL INFECTIONS MYCOSES SKIN DISEASES, BACTERIAL ARTHRITIS OSTEOMYELITIS ENDOCARDITIS THROMBOPHLEBITIS ANEURYSM, INFECTED SPLENIC INFARCTION PNEUMONIA TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY CANDIDIASIS MENINGITIS ENDOPHTHALMITIS ASPERGILLOSIS