Avtor/Urednik		Pikelj, Franjo; Trampuž, Andrej
Naslov		Diagnostika in zdravljenje okužb umetnih materialov
Prevedeni naslov		Diagnosis and treatment of infections of foreign body materials
Tip		članek
Vir		Med Razgl
Vol. in št.		Letnik 41, št. Suppl 2
Leto izdaje		2002
Obseg		str. 159-66
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Modern medicine has developed many artificial devices that substitute for the functions of damaged tissues or organs. However, all of these man-made materials represent foreign bodies in the human body; they trigger a host response, and are especially subject to infections. There are several factors that influence the development and course of infections. The most important and characteristic of these include: extracellular matrix (biofilm), which is formed on the surface of man-made materials; impaired phagocytic-bactericidal granulocyte capacity adjacent to the implant; and a great many agents with a low metabolic activity that are dependent on biofilm components, which reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics, especially those that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. This paper presents the general principles of diagnosis and treatment of infections of artificial cardiac valves, neurosurgical bridgings, and urinary and dialysis catheters.
Izvleček		Moderna medicina je razvila številne umetne pripomočke, ki nadomeščajo delovanje okvarjenih tkiv ali organov. Vsi umetni materiali pa predstavljajo tujke v telesu, ki sprožijo gostiteljev odziv in so še posebej podvrženi okužbam. Pri nastanku in poteku okužb umetnih materialov sodeluje več dejavnikov. Med pomembnejšimi in značilnimi so: zunaj celični matriks (biofilm), ki se tvori na površini umetnih materialov; okvarjena fagocitno-baktericidna sposobnost granulocitov ob vsadku in veliko število presnovno malo aktivnih povzročiteljev, vezanih na sestavine biofilma, kar zmanjšuje učinkovitost antibiotikov, predvsem tistih, ki zavirajo sintezo bakterijske celične stene. V prispevku so predstavljeni splošni principi diagnosticiranja in zdravljenja okužb umetnih srčnih zaklopk, nevrokirurških spojev, urinskih ter dializnih katetrov.
Deskriptorji		PROSTHESIS-RELATED INFECTIONS HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS URINARY CATHETERIZATION EQUIPMENT CONTAMINATION IMPLANTS, ARTIFICIAL CEREBROSPINAL FLUID SHUNTS HEMODIALYSIS PERITONEAL DIALYSIS BACTERIAL INFECTIONS