Avtor/Urednik		Cerkvenik-Flajs, V; Grabnar, I
Naslov		Farmakokinetika ivermektina
Prevedeni naslov		Ivermectin pharmacokinetics
Tip		članek
Vir		Slov Vet Res
Vol. in št.		Letnik 39, št. 3-4
Leto izdaje		2002
Obseg		str. 169-80
Jezik		slo, eng
Abstrakt		Pharmacokinetic studies of endectocides are closely related to their pharmacological efficacy. The antiparasitic efficacy of these compounds can be predicted and optimised by knowing the extent and rate of their absorption and their distribution in the biophase. Ivermectin's disposition in the blood plasma and milk of various animal species is presented in this paper. It is characterized by linear, dose-independent pharmacokinetics and due to its high lipophilicity ivermectin has a large volume of distribution and a long residence time. Ivermectin's pharmaco- kinetics are strongly influenced by formulation, route of administration, species, sex and physiological status. The pharmacokinetic parameters of ivermectin, based on its time course in blood plasma and milk, are summarized in this paper. We reviewed related studies from around the world, and found that for milk they are very rare. Because of this we decided to conduct our own study on milking sheep, in which we tracked the time course of ivermectin's concentration in the blood plasma and milk of the autochthonous Slovenian breed sheep. Moreover, the indirect exposure of suckling lambs via milk was evaluated.
Izvleček		Farmakokinetične študije endektocidnih spojin so tesno povezane z njihovo farmakološko učinkovitostjo. S poznavanjem obsega in hitrosti absorpcije in prehoda na mesto učinkovanja lahko predvidimo in tudi optimiziramo njihovo protizajedavsko učinkovitost. V prispevku so predstavljene značilnosti farmakokinetike ivermektina v krvni plazmi in mleku pri različnih živalskih vrstah. Farmakokinetika ivermektina je od odmerka neodvisna - linearna. Zaradi lipofilnosti sta za ivermektin značilna velik volumen distribucije in dolgo zadrževanje v organizmu. Na farmakokinetiko močno vplivajo tudi farmacevtska oblika, način vnosa, vrsta, spol in fiziološko stanje živali. V prispevku so pregledno zbrani farmakokinetični parametri ivermektina, pridobljeni s spremljanjem njegove vsebnosti v krvni plazmi in mleku. Ti so pridobljeni s pregledom literature o opravljenih raziskavah, ki pa so za mleko le maloštevilne. Prav zato smo tudi sami naredili farmakokinetično raziskavo na mlečnih ovcah, v kateri smo sledili vsebnosti ivermektina v krvni plazmi in mleku ovc domače avtohtone mlečne pasme ter ovrednotili posredni peroralni vnos ostankov ivermektina z mlekom v sesna jagnjeta.
Deskriptorji		IVERMECTIN SHEEP