Avtor/Urednik		Slemenjak, Janja; Rezar, Leopold; Trampuž, Andrej
Naslov		SARS - nova nevarnost za zdravstvene delavce
Prevedeni naslov		SARS - a new risk for health professionals
Tip		članek
Vir		Obz Zdrav Nege
Vol. in št.		Letnik 37, št. 4
Leto izdaje		2003
Obseg		str. 281-6
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a new, severe and contagious infectious disease. It was first recognized in February 2003 and spread within months from China in v 29 countries. SARS causes a new virus (coronavirus SARS-CoV), against which the mankind has no immunity, and can therefore infect everybody among us. The virus is spread from human to human predominantly by droplets, less frequently by airborne transmission or contaminated surfaces, possibly through feces and urine. The disease begins 2 to 10 days after infection with fever, muscular pain and headache. Later, cough, shortness of breath and diarrhea follow. More than 20 % of patients needs treatment in an intensive care unit with intubation and mechanical ventilation. Among the patients so far more than half were health professionals, in half the cases transmission occurred within the hospital. We can prevent the spread of the infection by early detection of new cases, isolation, appropriate protection of health professionals, and tracking of persons which were in contact with patients with SARS. In this article, diseases symptoms, causative pathogen, transmission and control measures for prevention of spread of SARS are summarized.
Izvleček		Hudi akutni respiratorni sindrom (SARS) je nova, huda in lahko prenosljiva infekcijska bolezen. Prvič so jo prepoznali februarja 2003, v nekaj mesecih se je s Kitajske razširila v 29 držav. SARS povzroča nov virus (koronavirus SARS-CoV), proti kateremu človek ni imun, zato lahko okuži vsakega izmed nas. S človeka na človeka se prenaša pretežno kapljično, redkeje po zraku (aerogeno) ali preko kontaminiranih površin, morda tudi z blatom in urinom. Bolezen se prične od 2 do 10 dni po okužbi z vročino, mišičnimi bolečinami in glavobolom. Začetnim simptomom sledijo kašelj, dihalna stiska in driska. Več kot 20 % bolnikov potrebuje zdravljenje na intenzivnem oddelku z intubacijo in mehanskim predihavanjem. Med dosedanjimi obolelimi je bilo več kot polovico zdravstvenih delavcev, v večini primerov je prišlo do prenosa okužbe v bolnišnici. airjenje okužbe lahko preprečimo z zgodnjim odkrivanjem novih primerov, izolacijo, ustrezno zaščito zdravstvenih delavcev ter nadzorom oseb, ki so bile v stiku z bolnikom s SARS. V članku so predstavljeni bolezenski znaki, povzročitelj, načini prenosa in higienski ukrepi za preprečevanje širjenja SARS.
Deskriptorji		PNEUMONIA, VIRAL CORONAVIRUS, HUMAN OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE HEALTH MANPOWER DISEASE OUTBREAKS