Avtor/Urednik		Sernec, Karin
Naslov		Motnje hranjenja - bolezen današnjega časa
Prevedeni naslov		Eating disorders
Tip		članek
Vir		Odvisnosti
Vol. in št.		Letnik 5, št. Suppl 2
Leto izdaje		2004
Obseg		str. 11-4
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Eating disorders have been recognised as an illness only in the lastfifty years, although many descriptions of certain illnesses that today would be characterised as such had already been known earlier. Eating disorders are classified as mental disorders, vvhich means that they are caused by a psychical factor. The sociologists and anthropologists consider them as ethnic disorders. With this disorders we cannot deny the link between personal distress and conflicts and the changes in the socio-political environment. The role of family in the development of human personality is important and indisputable. We divide families into functional (they enable appropriate physical and psycho-sociological development of the child) and non functional (families with a certain problem or symptom). We can divide the risk factors for development of eating disorders into three groups: family, sociocultural and bio-genetic risk factors. As eating disorders we consider: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating. Every one of them has its own typical clinical and, epidemiological picture and related disorders. The treatment is conducted in outpatient departments and hospitals. It is most successful when the motivation of the patient is high. The patient is considered cured not only when she/he doesn't have symptoms anymore but also whan her/his psycho-social performance is satisfactory.
Izvleček		Motnje hranjenja obravnavamo kot bolezensko entiteto šele zadnjih 50 let, čeprav so bili že pred tem znani številni opisi določenih bolezni, ki bi jih dandanes uvrstili med motnje hranjenja. Motnje hranjenja uvrščamo med duševne motnje, kar pomeni, da je vzrok nastanka psihičen. Sociologi in antropologi pa jih opredeljujejo kot etnične motnje. To so motnje, kjer ne moremo zanikati povezave med osebnimi stiskami in konflikti ter spremembami v družbeno- političnem okolju. Vloga družine pri razvoju človekove osebnosti je pomembna in nespoma. Dužine delimo na funkcionalne (otroku omogočijo ustrezen telesni in psihosocialni razvoj) in na nefunkcionalne (družine, v katerih obstaja določen problem oziroma simptom). Dejavnike tveganja za razvoj motenj hranjenja lahko delimo v tri skupine: družinski, socio-kulturni in biološko-genetski dejavniki tveganja. Med motnje hranjenja uvrščamo: anoreksijo nervozo, bulimijo nervozo in kompulzivno prenajedanje. Vsaka izmed njih ima značilno klinično, epidemiološko sliko in pridružne motnje. Zdravljenje poteka ambulantno ali bolnišnično. Najuspešnejšeje, kadar je lastna motivacija visoka. Ozdravljenje pa ne pomeni le odsotnosti simptomov motnje hranjenja, temveč tudi zadovoljujoče psiho-socialno funkcioniranje.
Deskriptorji		MENTAL DISORDERS ANOREXIA NERVOSA BULIMIA COMORBIDITY FAMILY