Avtor/Urednik		Čižman, Milan; Derganc, Meta; Ahčan, Jerneja; Grosek, Štefan
Naslov		Izkustveno antibiotično zdravljenje otrok v intenzivni enoti
Prevedeni naslov		Empirical antibiotic treatment in paediatric intensive care unit
Tip		članek
Vir		In: Reberšek-Gorišek J, Baklan Z, Kotnik-Kevorkijan B, editors. Nalezljive bolezni v otroški dobi. Zbornik predavanj in praktikum 5. Bedjaničev simpozij z mednarodno udeležbo; 2005 maj 27-28; Maribor. Maribor: Splošna bolnišnica Maribor,
Leto izdaje		2005
Obseg		str. 219-30
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Pediatric intensive care units (ICU) differ from adult intensive care units and they are usually multidisciplinary because there are too few patients to justify separate medical and surgical units. Infections are among the most common causes of admission to the ICU in children. Hospitalization in the ICU is also often complicated and prolonged by infections. Approximatly one third of patients in ICU have infections and one half of infections are acquired before admission in ICU, usually before admission in the hospital. The etiologic agents responsible for severe infections of children treated in ICU vary according to age and immunological status of the patients and the setting of microbial acquisition (community or hospital). Nosocomial infections are caused by bacteria which are more resistant to antibiotic than those caused community acquired infections. Prompt administration of antibiotics are essential in the treatment of children hospitalized in ICU with life threatening infections or suspected bacterial infection. The initial antibiotic therapy is almost always empirical. Many factors have to be considered when choosing antibiotic like site of infection, possible causative microorganisms and their susceptibiliy to antibiotics and risk factors for infections with resistant bacteria. In critically ill patients we should prescribe one of the antimicrobials with extended spectrum or combination of antibiotics. After microbiologic results have been received (usually after 24-48 hours) we have to decide whether the empirical therapy should be stopped, continued or changed. Duration of antibiotic treatment should be as short as possible, but long enough to achive bacterial eradication and clinical cure. The most frequent microorganisms causing nosocomial and community acquired infections as well as recommendations for the empirical treatment of common infections in pediatric ICU are presented.
Deskriptorji		INTENSIVE CARE UNITS, PEDIATRIC CROSS INFECTION ANTIBIOTICS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES