Avtor/Urednik		Pelhan, Bojan
Naslov		Hrup na delovnem mestu, ocena trenutnega stanja
Prevedeni naslov		Noise in the workplace, recent assessment
Tip		članek
Vir		Sanitas et labor
Vol. in št.		Letnik 4, št. 1
Leto izdaje		2005
Obseg		str. 51-9
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		In workers exposed to noise in their working environment damage to the hearing apparatus, extraaural effects of noise, poor concentration and efficiency at work can be observed. Pregnancy and foetus are also known to be affected. In addition to noise some dangerous substances can also cause damage to hearing. The frequency of occupational injuries is greater in a noisy environment. On the basis of a directive of the European Parliament and the European Council, the state passes legislation and imposes conditions necessary for safe and healthy work in a noisy working environment and conditions which enable a smooth performace of work The level of noise at which pregnant women can work safely is also prescribed. In accordance to the risk assessment and legislation passed, the workers exposed to harmful noise in their working environment have to be under the doctor's control. It is important that the condition of hearing should be determined and noted down before exposure to harmful noise; possible changes in hearing should then be monitored regularly at prescribed intervals. Candidates applying for their first job in a noisy environment should be rejected if they do not satisfy the prescribed conditions for such employment. The first examination of hearing should help us to detect workers who are more prone to occupational hardness of hearing, whereas further check-ups are intended to monitor the condition of hearing and the meeting of conditions for working in a noisy environment. Damage to hearing that is recognized as an occupational disease is rare in Slovenia, although it is frequent among workers in a noisy working environment. The most common cause of occupational hardness of hearing is still the inconsistent and inadequate implementation of the prescribed measures for the protection of workers against risks associated with exposure to noise at work. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Izvleček		Pri poklicnem delu v hrupnem okolju se lahko pri izpostavljenih delavcih pojavljajo okvare slušnega aparata, ekstraavralni učinki hrupa, motnje zbranosti in učinkovitosti pri delu. Poznani so tudi vplivi na nosečnost in plod. Na okvaro sluha poleg hrupa lahko vplivajo tudi nekatere nevarne snovi. Pogostnost poškodb pri delu je v hrupnem okolju večja. Država na podlagi direktive evropskega parlamenta in sveta Evropske skupnosti sprejema zakonodajo in predpisuje pogoje za varno in zdravo delo v hrunem delovnem okolju in pogoje, ki niso moteči za opravljanje določenega dela. Predpisana je tudi raven hrupa za zdravo delo nosečnic. Glede na oceno tveganja in sprejeto zakonodajo morajo biti delavci, ki so izpostavljeni škodljivemu hrupu v delovnem okolju, pod zdravstvenim nadzorom. Pomembno je ugotoviti in zapisati stanje sluha pred zaposlitvijo v škodljivem hrupu in potem v predpisanih časovnih obdobjih redno spremljati morebitne sprememhe sluha. Pred zaposlitvijo je potrebno izločiti vse tiste kandidate, ki ne izpolnjujejo predpisanih pogojev za prvo zaposlitev v ropotu. Prva kontrola sluha naj bi odkrila delavce s povečano nagnjenostjo k poklicni naglušnosti, nadalnje, kontrole pa spremljajo stanje sluha in izpolnjevanje pogojev za delo v ropotu. Okvara sluha, ki je priznana kot poklicna bolezen, je v naši državi redka, čeprav so okvare sluha zaradi dela v škodljivem ropotu zelo pogoste. Še vedno je najpogostejši vzrok poklicni naglušnosti nedosledno in pomakljivo izvajanje predpisanih ukrepov za varovanje delavcev pred tveganji zaradi izpostavljenosti hrupu pri delu. Pri ocenjevanju posledic dela v škodljivem ropotu se moramo zavedati, da so delavci izpostavljeni hrupu tudi v prostem času ter da lahko naglušnost nastane tudi zaradi drugih vzrokov.
Deskriptorji		OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE WORKPLACE NOISE, OCCUPATIONAL HEARING TESTS HEARING LOSS, NOISE-INDUCED RISK ASSESSMENT HEARING LOSS, BILATERAL