Avtor/Urednik     Avbelj, Magdalena; Saje-Hribar, Nada; Seher-Zupančič, Margareta; Brcar, Polona; Kotnik, Primož; Iršič, Andrej; Bratanič, Nina; Kržišnik, Ciril; Battelino, Tadej
Naslov     Prevalenca čezmerne prehranjenosti in debelosti med pet let starimi otroki in 15 oziroma 16 let starimi mladostnicami in mladostniki v Sloveniji
Prevedeni naslov     Overweight and obesity prevalence among 5 year old children and 15 to 16 year old adolescents in Slovenia
Tip     članek
Vir     Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.     Letnik 74, št. 12
Leto izdaje     2005
Obseg     str. 753-9
Jezik     slo
Abstrakt     Background. In the last twenty years a marked rise in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in developed countries was observed. Obesity in this age group is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. So far no comparative data on overweight and obesity in Slovene children and adolescents existed. In our study the data collected during preventive examinations of five-year-old and adolescents was analysed and guidelines for management of children with high body mass index (BMI) were proposed. Methods. Using the methods of descriptional statistics the data on BMI of 4685 randomly collected five-year-old children and 2474 randomly collected adolescents aged 15-16 years were analysed. Data was collected in the years 2003-2005, evaluated according to the international reference values, and compared to other populations. Results. The prevalence of overweight among five-year-old children is 18.4% and 20.9% in boys and girls respectively. The obesity criteria are fulfilled in 9.0% boys and 7.9% girls. Among adolescents 17.1% boys and 15.4% girls are overweight and 6.2% boys and 3.8% girls are obese. These results indicate that the prevalence of obesity in Slovenia is similar as in other developed European countries. Conclusions. The study showed that obesity in childhood and adolescence in Slovenia is a problem that deserves more concern in medical institution and on national level. Further research on reasons for this condition and new programs for stimulation of physical activity and healthy nutrition of children and adolescents are warranted.
Izvleček     Izhodišča. V državah razvitega sveta ugotavljajo v zadnjih dvajsetih letih izrazit porast čezmerne prehranjenosti in debelosti med otroki in mladostniki. Debelost v tem starostnem obdobju je pomemben dejavnik tveganja za razvoj sladkorne bolezni tip 2 ter bolezni srca in ožilja v odrasli dobi. Za celotno slovensko populacijo doslej ni bilo primerljivih podatkov o prehranjenosti otrok in mladostnikov. V naši raziskavi smo analizirali podatke, zbrane na sistematskih pregledih petletnih otrok in srednješolk in srednješolcev, ter podali osnovne smernice za obrambo otrok s previsokim indeksom telesne mase (ITM). Metode. Z metodami opisne statistike smo analizirali podatke o ITM 4685 naključno zbranih otrok, starih 5 let, ter 2474 naključno zbranih srednješolk in srednješolcev, starih 15-16 let. Podatki so bili zbrani v letih 2003-2005. Podatke smo vrednotili po mednarodno uveljavljenih referencah in jih primerjali z drugimi populacijami. Rezultati. Prevalenca čezmerne prehranjenosti med petletnimi otroki je 18,4% pri dečkih in 20,9% pri deklicah, 9,0% dečkov in 7,9% deklic pa izpolnjuje merila za debelost. Med mladostniki in mladostnicami je 17,1% fantov in 15,4% deklet čezmerno prehranjenih ter 6,2% fantov in 3,8% deklet debelih. Rezultati kažejo, da je prevalenca debelosti v Sloveniji podobna kot v drugih razvitih evropskih državah. Zaključki. Raziskava je pokazala, da je debelost v otroškem in mladostniškem obdobju v Sloveniji problem, ki zahteva večjo pozornost v zdravstvenih ustanovah in aktivnejše ukrepe na nacionalni ravni. Potrebno je raziskati vzroke za tako stanje in sestaviti uravnotežene programe za spodbujanje telesne dejavnosti in zdravega prehranjevanja otrok, mladostnic in mladostnikov.
Deskriptorji     OBESITY
BODY MASS INDEX
CHILD, PRESCHOOL
ADOLESCENCE
PREVALENCE
BODY HEIGHT
BODY WEIGHT
SLOVENIA