Avtor/Urednik		Flisar, Dušan
Naslov		Sindrom nemirnih nog
Prevedeni naslov		Restless legs syndrome
Tip		članek
Vir		Med Razgl
Vol. in št.		Letnik 45, št. Suppl 1
Leto izdaje		2006
Obseg		str. 65-70
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		The prevalence of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in the general population is estimated to be between 3% and 10%. The frequency of RLS increases with age, although RLS can start already in childhood. In real-life, not a lot of patients are seen who spontaneouslv complain about RLS symptoms. The reason for this is not completely understood. We differentiate between the primary form of RLS, which is idiopathic or hereditary; and symptomatic form associated with certain systemic diseases and conditions. Typical symptoms of RLS are unpleasant sensations in the legs, beginning in the evening or at night and also during rest: they are relieved by leg movement. Very frequently, periodic leg movements of sleep (PLMS) are associated with RLS. The pathophysiology of RLS is closely linked to the dopaminergic system and iron metabolism. Dopamine agonists are the treatment of first choice in idiopathic RLS. Various other drugs, such as gabapentin, benzodiazepines and opioids provide second line treatment alternatives. Such patients should avoid alcohol and nicotine. Therapy is needed only for patients with severe form of RLS.
Izvleček		Pogostnost sindroma nemirnih nog (SNM) v splošni populaciji je med 3 in 10% in s starostjo narašča. SNM se lahko pojavi že v otroštvu. Majhno število bolnikov se spontano pritožuje zaradi simptomov SNM. Ločimo primarno obliko, ki je idiopatska ali dedna, in sekundarno obliko, ki se pojavlja v sklopu drugih bolezni in stanj. Za SNM so značilni neprijetni občutki v nogah, ki se pojavijo ob mirovanju in zvečer, ublaži pa jih gibanje prizadetih okončin. Pogosto se neprijetnim občutkom pridružijo še periodični gibi nog med spanjem. Patofiziologija SNM je tesno povezana z dopaminergičnim sistemom in presnovo železa. Simptomatska terapija izbora so danes dopaminski agonisti. Alternativna zdravila so gabapentin, benzodiazepini in opiati. Izogibati se je potrebno tudi alkohola in nikotina. Z zdravili zdravimo osebe z močno izraženim sindromom.
Deskriptorji		PSYCHOMOTOR AGITATION LEG SLEEP DISORDERS