Avtor/Urednik		Kastrin, Tamara
Naslov		Molekularni mehanizmi odpornosti proti makrolidom pri invazivnih sevih Streptococcus pneumoniae v SLoveniji
Tip		monografija
Kraj izdaje		Ljubljana
Založnik		Univerza v Ljubljani, Medicinska fakulteta
Leto izdaje		2006
Obseg		str. 95
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Streptococcus pnevcmoniae is among the most significant causes of human bacterial invasive diseases, especially in children and elderly people. It is also a leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, outs media and others. The pneumococcus is a common colonizing bacterium in the respiratory tract. The polysaccharide capsule is the major virulence factor of pneumococci. The capsule provides resistance to phagocytosis and promotes the escape of pneumococci into blood. Although 90 capsular serotypes have been recognized, the majority of infections are caused by strains representing only a small number of types. The prevalent serotypes of invasive S. pneumoniae in Slovenia are 3, 1, 14, 7F, 4 and 6B, which is more prevalent in children. The incidence of invasive pneumococcal infections in Slovenia has increased in the last decade, as well as bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents. Surveillance of invasive pneumococcal diseases is necessary to provide information on incidence, level and spread of resistance. We have observed a significant rise in macrolide resistance in invasive pneumococci in Slovenia from 1998 to 2004. The prevalence of macrolide resistance has increased from 5,7 to 11,1%. The prevalence of macrolide resistance has increased even more in children, 0 - 14 years, where it has risen from 4,2% in 1998 to 17,6% in 2004. In the observed period 889 invasive isolates of S. pneumoniae were collected from the entire Slovenian area. 82 (9,2%) isolates were resistant and intermediate to erythromycin. We have identified the molecular basis of macrolide resistance in these isolates. After the DNA isolation, we have determined the presence of erm(B), mef(E), mef(A) and erm(TR) genes by polymerase chain reaction. In isolates, which were negative for the presence of the above mentioned genes, we have searched the ribosomal mutations by automated sequencing reaction. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Deskriptorji		STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL ANTIBIOTICS, MACROLIDE DNA, BACTERIAL BASE SEQUENCE RNA, RIBOSOMAL, 23S PHENOTYPE VIRULENCE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION RIBOSOMAL PROTEINS SEROTYPING GENES, BACTERIAL