| Abstrakt | | Background: Meals provided at school constitue an important part of the students' daily diet. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has issued nutritionrecommendations for children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 years. Theaim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the quality of meals served in Slovene secondary schools does not meet the criteria recommended by WHO. Methods: In 2003, a survey on the quality of school meals, based on food diaries kept during one week, was conducted by the Ministry of Education,Science and Sports in all Slovene secondary school. Fifty-eight menus (230 meals) served in eight (5.6 %) Slovene secondary schools were analysed. A computer programme devised for evaluating the patient catering service in the University Medical Center Ljubljana was used in the survey. Results: Energy and nutritional values (carbohydrate, protein and fat content)were calculated for each mid-morning school meal. Energy requirements recommended by WHO for boys and for girls were met by only 10.3 % and 13.8% ofthe one-week menus analysed. The proportion of meals providing the recommended dietary carbohydrate intake was 6.9% for boys and 17.3% for girls.The most striking finding was that none of the mid-morning meals complied with the WHO recommendations for dietary protein intake. Only 1.7% and 3.5 % of school meals, respectively, were found to provide adequate fat content recommended for boys and girls. Conclusion: Our hypothesis has been fully confirmed given that mid-morning meals are considered to provide 30 % of the estimated average energy and nutritional values. School meals provided in Slovene secondary schools do not meet the WHO criteria for energy and nutritional values. Strategies to improve the quality of school food should aim to balance energy intake and energy expenditure through physical activity,to increase carbohydrate intake and cut down on protein. (Abs. trunc. at 2000 ch.)
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| Izvleček | | Izhodišča: Šolska prehrana oz. obrok v času pouka je pomemben del celodnevne prehrane dijakov. Svetovna zdravstvena organizacija (SZO) je izdala prehranskapriporočila za otroke in mladostnike, stare od 7 do 18 let. Na podlagi teh priporočil smo postavili raziskovalno hipotezo: Kakovost jedilnikov v srednjih šolah ne ustreza priporočilom SZO oz. WHO. Metode: Ministrstvo za šolstvo, znanost in šport (MŠZŠ) je junija 2003 na vse slovenske srednje šole poslalo anketo o organiziranosti prehrane v srednjih šolah. V obdelavo smo dobili tedenske jedilnike. Prejeti jedilniki (N=36) so bili pregledani in za vsako šolo je bil pripravljen dopis in preglednica, v katero je bilo potrebno dopisati živila, ki sestavljajo posamezne jedi na jedilniku, proizvajalca posameznih živil in količino živila v jedi oziroma obroku. Šole smo zaprosili, da preglednice izpolnijo in vrnejo. Na koncu smo analizirali 58 jedilnikov (230 malic) 8 (5,6 %) srednjih šol v Sloveniji. Jedilnike smo analizirali z računalniškim programom Priprava hrane za bolnike v Kliničnem centru v Ljubljani. Rezultati: Vsaki malici smo določili energijsko in hranilno vrednost (vsebnost ogljikovih hidratov, maščob in beljakovin). Dobljene povprečne vrednosti tedenskih jedilnikov smo primerjali s priporočili SZO. Ugotovili smo, da imajo šole energijsko in hranilno zelo različne malice. Energijskim priporočilom SZO za fante ustreza samo 10,3 % povprečnih tedenskih jedilnikov, za dekleta pa 13,8 % jedilnikov. Delež malic,ki ustrezajo priporočilom potreb po ogljikovih hidratih, je pri fantih 6,9 % in dekletih 17,3 %. Najbolj presenetljiv in zaskrbljujoč podatek je, da med analiziranimi malicami niti ena ne ustreza priporočilom SZO za beljakovine. Pri priporočenih vrednostih za maščobe priporočilom ustreza 1,7 %malic za fante in 3,5 % malic za dekleta. Zaključki: Raziskovalno hipotezo,da kakovost jedilnikov v srednjih šolah ne ustreza priporočilom SZO oz. WHO, lahko popolnoma potrdimo. (Izvl. skrajšan na 2000 zn.)
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