Avtor/Urednik		Tonin, Katarina; Stražar, Klemen; Burger, Helena; Vidmar, Gaj
Naslov		Adaptive changes in the dominant shoulders of female professional overhead athletes
Tip		članek
Vol. in št.		Letnik 36, št. 3
Leto izdaje		2013
Obseg		str. 228-35
ISSN		0342-5282 - International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation
Jezik		eng
Abstrakt		To evaluate adaptive changes in the dominant shoulders of female professional overhead athletes, their mutual association, and relation between adaptive changes and shoulder injury. Thirty-six female professional volleyball and handball players were divided into two groups: 14 athletes were included in the symptomatic group (positive shoulder injury history and specific shoulder tests) and 22 athletes were included in the asymptomatic group (negative shoulder injury history and specific shoulder tests). Clinical examinations with specific shoulder tests, evaluation of rotational mobility, and symptoms of malposition and dyskinesis of the dominant scapula (SICK scapula syndrome) were performed. Glenohumeral rotators were isokinetically tested at 60 and 1508/s, with evaluation of stability ratios and rotator fatigability. On average, the participants had decreased internal rotation (P < 0.001) and increased external rotation (P < 0.001), lower spiking (P < 0.01 at 60 and 1508/s) and conventional ratios (Pr0.01 at 60 and 1508/s), lower eccentric external rotator peak torques (eER) (Pr0.05 at 60 and 1508/s), and marginally lower eccentric internal rotator peak torques at 608/s (P = 0.061) on the dominant side compared with the nondominant side. The symptomatic group showed decreased ER (P = 0.021), higher deficit of dominant eER at 608/s (P = 0.049), and higher fatigability of internal (P = 0.013) and external rotators (P =0.028). The athletes with increased ER had more scapular lateralization (q =0.340, P = 0.042), higher spiking ratios at 608/s (q =0.349, P = 0.037) and 1508/s (q= 0.330, P = 0.049), and lower cocking ratios at 608/s (q= 0.477, P =0.003). Decreased dominantER, higher deficit of dominant eccentric ER peak torques, and higher dominant rotator fatigability correlate with previous shoulder pain/injury. Different adaptive changes (rotational mobility, SICK scapula signs, and glenohumeral muscular imbalance) are inter-related. As a form of both prevention and rehabilitation for the athletes at risk, we recommend individually adjusted shoulder training on the basis of clinical and isokinetic testing.
Proste vsebinske oznake		glenohumeral internal rotation deficit glenohumeral muscular imbalance overhead athletes SICK scapula syndrome