Avtor/Urednik		Beović, B; Sočan, M; Gubina, M
Naslov		Hemokulture: klinična uporaba in epidemiologija
Prevedeni naslov		Blood cultures: clinical practice and epidemiology
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.		Letnik 64, št. 2
Leto izdaje		1995
Obseg		str. 69-75
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Background. Data from the Department for Infectious Diseases University Medical Centre Ljubljana were analysed to evaluate blood culture practice. Demographic characteristics as well as the influence of several parameters on positivity rate were studied. Diagnoses of patients with suspected bacteremia and isolated bacteria were recorded. Materials. In retrospective study medical records of patients hospitalised in two study periods: in the year 1985 and in the year 1992 were reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi square test. Results. Blood culture specimens were drawn in 9.4 percent of patients in the year 1985 and 11.1 percent in the year 1992. True bacteremia rate was 9.8 percent and 12.4 percent. 3 percent and 2 percent of specimens were thought to be contaminated respectively. Positivity rate was greatest in patients between 71 and 80 years of age. Number of blood specimens drawn and morbidity of patients influenced positivity rate significantly, influence of fever and previous antibiotic treatment was statistically not confirmed. Skin and soft tissues were the most common source of bacteremia in the year 1985, but lower respiratory tract in the year 1992. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated most frequently in both periods. Conclusions. The prevalence of bacteremia was higher in 1992 than in 1985. Blood culture positivity rate was statistically significantly greater, when more than two blood specimens were obtained per bacteremic episode and when the patient was considered severely ill. The influence of fever and previous antimicrobial treatment on positivity rate was statistically insignificant.
Izvleček		Izhodišča. Ugotoviti smo želeli, kako pogosto in s kakšnim uspehom se na Kliniki za infekcijske bolezni in vročinska stanja v Ljubljani uporabljajo hemokulture (HK). Analizirali smo starost in spol bolnikov ter vpliv števila odvzetih vzorcev krvi, telesne temperature, prizadetosti bolnika in poprejšne antibiotične terapije na delež pozitivnih izvidov. Zanimalo nas je, pri katerih boleznih najpogosteje ugotovimo bakteriemijo in katere mikroorganizme najpogosteje izoliramo iz HK. Metode. V retrospektivni študiji smo pregledali popise bolnikov, hospitaliziranih v dveh obdobjih, v letih 1985 do 1992. Za statistično analizo smo uporabili test hi-kvadrat. Rezultati. Leta 1985 je bila kri za HK odvzeta pri 9,4 odst., leta 1992 pa pri 11,1 odst. hospitaliziranih bolnikov. Leta 1985 je bilo ugotovljenih 57 bakteriemičnih epizod, leta 1992 pa 89. Največ bakteriemij smo dokazali pri bolnikih, starih od 71 do 80 let. Delež dokazanih bakteriemij je bil večji, če smo odvzeli več vzorcev krvi in če je bil bolnik klinično prizadet. Vpliva povišane telesne temperature ob odvzemu in poprejšne antibiotične terapije na delež pozitivnih izvidov nismo dokazali. Najpogostejši izvor bakteriemije je bil leta 1985 v bolezenskih spremembah kože in mehkih tkiv, v letu 1992 pa v okužbah spodnjih dihal. V obeh obdobjih smo najpogosteje osamili Escherichio coli in Staphylococcus aureus. Zaključek. Leta 1992 smo ugotovili več bakteriemij kot leta 1985. Rezultat HK je bil zanesljivejši, če smo odvzeli ob sumu na bakteriemijo vsaj dva vzorca krvi. Statistične povezanosti med povišano telesno temperaturo in poprejšnjo antibiotično terapijo ter rezultatom HK nismo ugotovili, dokazali pa smo povezanost med ocenjeno prizadetostjo bolnika in deležem dokazanih bakteriemij (p manjše kot 0,01).
Deskriptorji		BACTERIAL INFECTIONS BACTERIA HOSPITALIZATION