Avtor/Urednik		Maček, Bernarda; Dernovšek, Mojca Zvezdana; Kobentar, Radojka
Naslov		Enduring personality changes in patients living at home and challenges for community nursing
Prevedeni naslov		Trajne osebnostne spremembe pri pacientih v domačem okolju in izzivi za patronažno zdravstveno nego
Tip		članek
Vol. in št.		Letnik 49, št. 4
Leto izdaje		2015
Obseg		str. 270-283
ISSN		1318-2951 - Obzornik Zdravstvene Nege
Jezik		eng, slv
Abstrakt		Uvod: Med motnje osebnosti in vedenja odraslih uvrščamo trajne osebnostne spremembe, ki jih ni mogoče pripisati možganski poškodbi ali bolezni. Travmatične izkušnje lahko povzročijo osebnostno ranljivost. Namen raziskave je ugotoviti značilnost trajnih osebnostnih sprememb, dejavnike tveganja ter kakovost življenja pacientov v domačem okolju. Metode: Terenska raziskava temelji na kvantitativni metodi dela. Podatki so bili zbrani z anketiranjem 606 pacientov (18,56 %) na območju osrednjeslovenske regije, starih od 20 do 92 let. Uporabili smo strukturirani vprašalnik. Podatki so bili obdelani z opisno statistiko, preizkusom %2, razvrščanjem v skupine in diskriminantno analizo. Rezultati: Trajne osebnostne spremembe so prisotne pri 9 % (n = 53) pacientov, ki so starejši in manj izobraženi. Le četrtina (n = 10) se jih zdravi pri psihiatru. Med skupinama pacientov, ki imajo oziroma nimajo trajnih osebnostnih sprememb, so prisotne statistično značilne razlike glede izkušenj s travmatičnim dogodkom (p < 0,001), stopnje samostojnosti pri izvajanju življenjskih aktivnosti (p < 0,001), incidence kronične bolečine (p = 0,002), socialnega vključevanja (p = 0,016), samomorilnih misli (p < 0,001) in incidence zdravstvenih težav (p < 0,001). Diskusija in zaključek: Rezultati opozarjajo na delež pacientov s trajnimi osebnostnimi spremembami, ki so nezdravljene in skrite v ozadju duševnih in telesnih zdravstvenih težav. Potrebno je pravočasno odkrivanje, napotitev in multidisciplinarni pristop, pri čemer je vloga patronažnih medicinskih sester pomembna. Nadaljnji raziskovalni izziv bi bil nacionalni projekt.Introduction: Personality and behaviour disorders include enduring personality changes which cannot be attributed to brain injury or disease. Traumatic experiences can cause personality vulnerability. The research aimed to determine the characteristic enduring personality changes, the risk factors and the quality of life of patients living in their home environment. Methods: The field research is based on a quantitative method. The data were gathered through a structured questionnaire. The sample consisted n = 606 of patients (18.56 %) from the Central Slovenia region, aged between 20 and 92 years. The data were processed using descriptive statistics, the %2 test, group classification and discriminant analysis. Results: The enduring personality changes are present in 9 % (n = 53) of the patients who tend to be older, with lesser educational attainment. Only a quarter of the enduring personality changes patients (n = 10) are receiving psychiatric treatment. Among the groups of patients with or without enduring personality changes statistically significant differences have been observed in relation to their past experiences with a traumatic event (p < 0.001), level of independence in the performance of the activities of daily living (p < 0.001), incidence rate of chronic pain (p = 0.002), social integration (p = 0.016), suicidal thoughts (p < 0.001) and incidence rate of comorbidity of somatic illnesses and psychological disorders (p < 0.001). Discussion and conclusion: Results of the study point to the share of enduring personality changes patients living at home in which the condition remains largely unrecognized, untreated and shadowed by other mental and physical health issues. Community nurses play a crucial role in timely recognition and detection of the changes and the patients' referral to multidisciplinary treatment. A national research project conducted by community nurses is needed to highlight the prevalence, treatment and good practice in the delivery of pertinent services.
Proste vsebinske oznake		osebnostne spremembe travmatične izkušnje pacienti patronažna zdravstvena nega personality changes traumatic experiences patients community nursing