Avtor/Urednik		Zupanič-Pajnič, Irena
Naslov		Uporaba mitohondrijske DNA v forenzičnih preiskavah
Prevedeni naslov		Mitochondrial DNA in forensic analyses
Tip		članek
Leto izdaje		2019
Obseg		str. str.
ISSN		1318-0347 - Zdravniški vestnik : glasilo Slovenskega zdravniškega društva : Slovenian medical journal
Jezik		slv
Abstrakt		This review article presents mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analyses in forensic genetics. Typing of nuclear DNA in old and poorly preserved biological samples is often unsuccessful and instead of nuclear DNA, mtDNA polymorphisms can be used for human identification. Due to its multy copy nature and circular conformation, MtDNA is less prone to degradation and is retained longer. The most polymorphic control region is regularly used in forensic casework, and mtDNA heteroplasmy must be considered in the identification cases and analyses of biological traces. The poorly preserved biological samples are mainly old skeletal remains - bones and teeth, old nails, feces, urine and hair shafts. The latter are micro traces, often found by criminalists at crime scenes. We will describe each type of biological material in more detail. In addition to morphological structure, we will pay special attention to the environmental impacts on the preservation of DNA in each type of biological material, optimization of extraction methods for effective isolation and optimal sampling. Due to low amounts of DNA, these samples are exposed to DNA contamination from personnel involved in sampling procedures and genetic testing. Different measures used to prevent and track potential contamination will be described. MtDNA analyses are often used in forensics to solve different cases, and some applications of mtDNA in Slovenia and worldwide will be discussed.
Proste vsebinske oznake		človeški skeletni ostanki nohti lasje human skeletal remains nails hair