Avtor/Urednik		Kralj, B
Naslov		Actual status of external functional electrical stimulation in the management of female urinary incontinence
Tip		članek
Vir		In: Proceedings of the 5th Vienna international workshop on functional electrostimulation: basics, technology, clinical application; 1995 Aug 17-19; Vienna. Vienna: University of Vienna, Department of biomedical engineering and physics,
Leto izdaje		1995
Obseg		str. 233-6
Jezik		eng
Abstrakt		The actual status of functional electrical stimulation (FES) in the management of female urinary incontinence (UI) results from the development of technology and medical science, especially over the last 20 years. Technical progress has provided the determination of efficient parameters of FES. Stimulus: rectangular and biphasic to prevent corrosion of electrodes; duration of impulse: 1 msec; 20 Hz; current: between 35 mA and 10 mA, depending on the effect to be achieved. We have designed plugs for vaginal and rectal use which maintain a better contact with tissues. We also use materials more suitable for long term FES application: a high-quality plastic for plugs and prochromium for electrodes which prevents corrosion. New stimulators maintain unchanged intensity of current throughout stimulation duration regardless of the tissue impedance. Improved medical knowledge has proved principally reflexogenic activity of FES applied on the pelvic floor muscles. Clinical studies have enabled precise determination of the indications for management of UI with FES. The most important indication is unstable detrusor, manifested as urge incontinence. Treatment with FES provides far better results than any drug treatment, and there have been no contraindications encountered, not even in elderly women. FES has proved more efficient in the management of sensory than of motor idiopathic urge incontinence (cured and improved 87.5 percent vs 75.00 percent).
Deskriptorji		URINARY INCONTINENCE ELECTRIC STIMULATION THERAPY