Avtor/Urednik		Zupanič-Slavec, Zvonka
Naslov		Razvoj ustne nege od starih civilizacij do renesanse
Prevedeni naslov		The development of oral hygiene from the ancient civilisations to the renaissance
Tip		članek
Vir		In: Vulikić V, Zupanič-Slavec Z, editors. Zbornik referatov Prof. dr. Jože Rant - organizator slovenskega zobozdravstva: spominski simpozij ob stoletnici rojstva prof. dr. J. Ranta z mednarodno udeležbo. 4. Pintarjevi dnevi; 1996 apr 18-19; Ljubljana. Ljubljana: Medicinska fakulteta, Inštitut za zgodovino medicine,
Leto izdaje		1996
Obseg		str. 109-18
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Despite the fact that man has always fought against toothache and other dental problems the development of oral hygiene has been mostly left to chance. In the old scripts of Babylonian-Syrian civilizations, which have been preserved for 5000 years, we can find the first written records on removal of tartar by fingers wrapped in a tissue, soaked in pine resin and salt. Even though many ancient Egyptian writings have been found and preserved, none of them contains any information about oral and dental hygiene. The majority of hygienic prescriptions in old Indian, Chinese and Islamic cultures are found in their religious-ethical codes, which also give instructions on oral and dental hygiene. Hippocratic Greeek and mostly Roman medicine contain in their writings a lot of rational advice for good oral hygiene. Throughout the middle ages a lot of knowledge of antique doctors had been lost but the invention of press gave life to progressive antique and Arab views on oral and dental hygiene (tooth rinsing, tartar removal, proper nutrition, prevention of bad breath...). On the other hand, many objects used for dental care have been found. The use of a toothpick was common to all ancient cultures. It was found together with short sticks used for cleaning ears, scissors for depilation, nail file and hair pins. It seems to have been an essential part of body care kit. Numerous variations of toothpicks ranging from carefully designed golden, silver and bronze to plain metal ones were found in graves. It was similar with the so called tooth pencil, a small wooden stick, used for rubbing the teeth. After several uses the tip soaked and resembled a toothbrush. It wasn't until 15 centuries later that the Chinese developed the first toothbrush with bristles fastened perpendicularly to the stick.
Deskriptorji		ORAL HYGIENE HISTORY OF MEDICINE, ANCIENT HISTORY OF MEDICINE, MEDIEVAL