Avtor/Urednik		Urbančič-Rovan, Vilma
Naslov		Diabetična noga
Prevedeni naslov		The diabetic foot
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vars
Vol. in št.		Letnik 36, št. 9-10
Leto izdaje		1997
Obseg		str. 352-6
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Gangrene and amputation in diabetics are the results of neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and infection. Neuropathy leads to foot deformity due to muscle atrophy, disturbances in temperature, pain and light touch sensation, abundant callus formation and painless ulcers on pressure points. Peripheral vascular disease causes poor blood supply of the affected extremity, resulting in cold feet, pain at rest and on exertion and painful ulcers on foot margins and between the toes. Infection can complicate any type of diabetic foot ulcer. Foot deformity, history of healed or actual foot ulcer and signs or symptoms of neuropathy and/or ischaemia are the main risk factors for the development of foot ulcer. The diabetic foot care team includes many specialists (general practitioner, diabetologist, angiologist, surgeon, orthotis, specialist nurse, and others). The treatment is based on prevention of foot lesions (education, early detection, proper footcare and adequate footwear), early appropriate treatment of wounds (conservative approach, referral to surgeon when necessary), and rehabilitation of the amputees. The choice of the dressings depends on the type and depth of the wound and the presence of infection. The treatment of infection should be targeted, local application of antibiotics should be avoided.
Izvleček		Vzroki za gangreno in amputacijo okončine pri diabetikih so nevropatija, žilna bolezen in okužba. Posledica nevropatije so deformacije stopal zaradi atrofije mišic, moten občutek za temperaturo, bolečino in dotik, obilna tvorba kalusa in neboleče razjede na točkah največje obremenitve. Periferna žilna bolezen vodi do slabe prekrvitve prizadete okončine, kar se kaže kot mrzle noge, bolečine v mirovanju in pri hoji ter boleče razjede na robovih stopal ter na stičnih površinah med prsti. okužba lahko nastopa kot zaplet pri vseh oblikah diabetične noge. V tim za oskrbo diabetične noge so vključeni številni specialisti: splošni zdravnik, diabetolog, angiolog, kirurg, izdelovalec specialne obutve, medicinska sestra in drugi. pri zdravljenju je ključnega pomena preventiva (vzgoja bolnikov, zgodnje odkrivanje, pravilna nega nog, ustrezna obutve), pravočasno in pravilno zdravljenje ran ter rehabilitacija po amputaciji. izbira obvezilnega materiala je odvisna od tipa in globine rane ter prisotnosti okužbe. Zdravljenje okužbe naj bo ciljano, antibiotik pa naj bolnik dobiva sistemsko in ne lokalno.
Deskriptorji		DIABETIC FOOT DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES