Avtor/Urednik		Premik, Marjan; Viršček, Andrej
Naslov		Standardizirano razmerje umrljivosti kot kazalec zdravstvenega stanja železničarjev v Sloveniji
Prevedeni naslov		Death as a health indicator of railroad employees in Slovenia
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.		Letnik 66, št. 12
Leto izdaje		1997
Obseg		str. 629-33
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Background. The aim of the research is to establish the factors which influence workers' health. A direct objective is to ascertain the mortality rate of active and retired male workers of the Slovene Railway Company. Methods. SMR was ascertained on the basis of a historical mortality study from 1987 to 1991 with the data collected by the Slovene Railroad Company, Central Registry of all inhabitants and the Registry of the deceased of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia. Results. The most important results of the research comparing the study group with the general Slovene male population are: SMR of the employed railroad workers is 0.8; SMR of employees occupying specific job positions in railway traffic is 0.5; the cumulative SMR of the cohorts of railroad workers in normal retirement is 0.7; the 1991 SMR of employed railroad workers by three most frequent causes of death classified according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9) is 1.0 (comprising 88% of the deceased); the cumulative SMR of the cohorts in early retirement is 1.8. The most important results comparing different subgroups of male railroad employees of the Slovene Rail are: the mortality rate of male railroad employees with permanent residence in Slovenia is 50% lower than in the subgroup with permanent residence abroad (SMR 0.5); male railroad employees occupying specific jobs with special medical care die 1.8 times less frequently than the average of all male railroad workers (SMR 0.4); there is no significant difference in mortality between the workers retired at the normal retirement who had specific jobs and other railroad workers in normal retirement (SMR 0.9). Conclusions. The differences in the mortality justify the need for monitoring the mortality rate in evaluating the factors that influence workers' health. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Izvleček		Izhodišča. Da bi odkrili dejavnike, ki vplivajo na zdravstveno stanje delavcev, smo si zastavili za cilj, da ugotovimo smrtnost pri zaposlenih in upokojenih slovenskih železničarjih. Metode. S historično kohortno študijo od leta 1987 do 1991 smo ugotavljali posredno standardizirano umljivost železničarjev na osnovi podatkov Kadrovske službe Slovenskih železnic, Registra o prebivalcih in Registra o umrlih prebivalcih Slovenije Urada R Slovenije za statistiko. Rezultati. V primerjavi s smrtnostjo vseh moških prebivalcev Slovenije v izbranih starostnih skupinah smo ugotovili manjšo smrtnost zaposlenih železničarjev (SMR 0,8), zaposlenih na delovnih mestih s posebnim zdravstvenim varstvom (SMR 0,5) in kumulativno smrtnost kohort redno upokojenih (SMRR 0,7). Enako smrtnost smo ugotovili pri treh najpogostejših vzrokih smrti po MKB, ki zajemajo 88% umrlih v letu 1991 (SMR 1,0). Višjo smrtnost smo ugotovili pri kohortah predčasno in invalidsko upokojenih železničarjev (SMR 1,8). Pri primerjavi skupin železničarjev med seboj smo ugotovili manjšo smrtnost zaposlenih železničarjev s stalnim bivališčem v Sloveniji, kot je pri delavcih s stalnim bivališčem zunaj Slovenije (SMR 0,5) in zaposlenih železničarjev na delovnih mestih s posebnim zdravstvenim varstvom, kot je pri vseh zaposlenih (SMR 0,4). Razlike v smrtnosti med redno upokojenimi s posebnim zdravstvenim varstvom in ostalimi redno upokojenimi železničarji statistično nismo dokazali (SMR 0,9). Zaključki. Ugotovljene razlike v smrtnosti med železničarji in splošno populacijo ter med posameznimi skupinami železničarjev utemeljujejo potrebo po spremljanju smrtnosti pri ocenjvanju vplivov na zdravstveno stanje delavcev. Predlagamo, da naj se demografski podatki za Slovenijo in podatki kadrovskih služb delodajalcev v okviru zakonskih in etičnih norm vodijo na način, ki bo omogočal rutinsko spremljanje umrljivosti. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Deskriptorji		RAILROADS OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES ADULT WORKPLACE JOB DESCRIPTION RETIREMENT EMPLOYMENT SLOVENIA