Avtor/Urednik		Lejko-Zupanc, Tatjana
Naslov		Klindamicin in metronidazol
Prevedeni naslov		Klindamycin and metronidazole
Tip		članek
Vir		Med Razgl
Vol. in št.		Letnik 37, št. Suppl 1
Leto izdaje		1998
Obseg		str. 27-43
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Clindamycin is an effective antibiotic that has been studied in many clinical trials and used extensively in clinical practice with success. The drug is active against most anaerobes, most gram-positive cocci except enterococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and certain protozoa. Clindamycin has excellent bioavilability and achieves good concentrations in most tissues and body fluids, excluding the cerebrospinal fluid. The main concern with clindamycin use is Clostridium difficile pseudomembranous colitis, which can happen with most antimicrobials, in some instances almost as frequently as with clindamycin. Metronidazole is a bactericidal antibiotic with strong activity against most anaerobes and certain parasites. The drug has excellent bioavilability and good penetration in most tissues, including the central nevous system and brain abscess contents. With a few exceptions, the percentage of anaerobes, including the Bacteroides fragilis group, that are resistant to metronidazole remains low. Metronidazole has been used extensively in clinical practice for years, and its uses have been expanded. Its exact role in the management of entities associated to Helicobacter pylori is evolving.
Izvleček		Klindamicin je učinkovit antibiotik, ki so ga proučevali v številnih kliničnih študijah in z uspehom uporabljali v klinični praksi. Zdravilo deluje proti večini anaerobnih bakterij, večini grampozitivnih kokov in proti nekaterim zajedalcem. Ne deluj na enterokoke in na meticilin odporne stafilokoke. Ima odlično biološko razpoložljivost in doseže visoke koncentracije v večini tkiv in telesnih tekočin, razen v možganski rekočini. Glavni stranski pojav je nastanek psevdomembranoznega vnetja črevesja, ki ga povzroča Clostridium difficile, se pa lahko pojavi tudi po uporabi drugih antibitotikov, pri nekaterih celo tako pogosto kot po klindamicinu. Metronidazol je bactericiden antibiotik z močno aktivnostjo proti večini anaerobnih bakterij in proti nekaterim zajedalcem. Zdravilo ima odlično biološko razpoložljivost in dobro prodira v večino tkiv, tudi v osrednje živčevje in v možganske abscese. Z nekaj izjemami ostaja odstotek anaerobnih bakterij, zlasti Bacteroides fragilis, ki so na metronidazol odporni, nizek. V klinični praksi se uporablja že vrsto let in njegova uporaba v zdravljenju nekaterih novih okužb, npr. okužbe s Helicobacter pylori, se še širi.
Deskriptorji		CLINDAMYCIN METRONIDAZOLE