Avtor/Urednik		Lejko-Zupanc, Tatjana
Naslov		Rifampin - klinična uporaba
Prevedeni naslov		Rifampin - clinical use
Tip		članek
Vir		Med Razgl
Vol. in št.		Letnik 38, št. Suppl 2
Leto izdaje		1999
Obseg		str. 97-108
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Rifampin is a bactericidal atibiotic that acts well on mycobacteria, staphylococci and other Gram positive bacteria, Neisseria meningitidis, Legionella and some other microorganisms. The drug is readily absorbed after peroral administration and has good penetration into various body fluids and tissues. Acquired resistance to rifampin ensues quickly, therefore the drug should not be used alone as monotherapy. One exception, however is the use of rifampin in short-term prophylaxis meningoccoclar and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. In combination with other agents rifampin is used mainly in treatment of mycobacterial infections, staphylococcal infections, including infections of prosthetic materials, legionellosis, brucellosis and Q fever. The most significant adverse effects are hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Since rifampin is a potent inducer of hepatic P-450 microsomal enzymes it interferes with other drugs that are metabolised in the liver. As long as one bears these facts in mind and provides regular patient follow-up, rifampin is a safe drug when used for prolonged therapy.
Izvleček		Rifampin je baktericidni antibiotik, ki deluje na mikobakterije, stafilokoke in druge grampozitivne bakterije, Neisserio meningitidis, Legionello in nekatere druge mikroorganizme. Odlično se absorbira skozi prebavila in dobro prodira v telesna tkiva in tekočine. Glavna pomanjkljivost zdravila je hiter nastanek odpornosti bakterij, kadar zdravilo uporabljamo kot monoterapijo, zato je rifampin uporaben predvsem v kombinaciji z drugimi zdravili. Izjema je le kratkotrajna uporaba za preprečevanje okužb z N. meningitidis in Haemophilus influenzae. V kombinaciji z drugimi zdravili se uporablja predvsem za zdravljenje tuberkuloze, stafilokoknih okužb, vključno z okužbami na umetnih snoveh, legioneloze, bruceloze in vročice Q. Najpomembnejša stranska učinka rifampina sta okvara jeter in ledvic. Ker je rifampin močan induktor jetrnih encimov, lahko spremeni delovanje številnih drugih zdravil, ki se presnavljajo v jetrih. Ob upoštevanju teh dejstev in rednem spremljanju bolnika pa je tudi dolgotrajno zdravljenje z rifampinom varno.
Deskriptorji		RIFAMPIN DRUG INTERACTIONS MYCOBACTERIUM INFECTIONS ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL MENINGITIS, BACTERIAL OSTEOMYELITIS ARTHRITIS, INFECTIOUS