Avtor/Urednik		Nolimal, Dušan
Naslov		Tehnike souporabljanja pribora za vbrizgavanje, družbeni okvir in preprečevanje okužb s krvjo pri uporabnikih drog
Prevedeni naslov		Techniques of sharing of injection equipment, social frame and prevention of infection through blood in drug users
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vars
Vol. in št.		Letnik 39, št. 3-4
Leto izdaje		2000
Obseg		str. 56-62
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		In Slovenia there are at least 3000 estimated regular injecting heroin users and maybe up to 10.000 persons who are casual heroin users. An epidemiologic follow-up of this phenomenon and an in-depth ethnographic research are therefore urgent. Injecting drug users (IDU) are at risk of being infected through blood if they do not use sterilized needles and syringes. Foreign and home ethnographic findings on risky techniques of sharing injection equipment and social context of risky injecting are presented. Infections through microorganisms are possible also with the shared use of other devices and material, necessary for injecting or cleansing of used syringes (vessels for drugs mixing, filtres, water). Although risky injecting of drugs in Slovenia is decreasing it is still alarmingly widespread. More than three quarters of persons of studied sample (95 IDU) in Ljubljana in the year 1998 shared at least more than once the injection equipment or parts of it with one or more individuals. Stimulation of further research of drug injecting and relating circumstances is the purpose of this contribution. Drug control policy forms influences the way of drug use in people. It has been proposed: to spread adequate prevention programmes, especially of field work, into bigger Slovenian towns, and to maintain easy access to injection equipment via the programmes of needles and syringes exchange within the frame of self care groups and pharmacies.
Izvleček		V Sloveniji ocenjujemo, da si heroin redno vbrizgava vsaj 3000 ljudi, morda pa neredno tudi do 10.000 oseb. Zato je nujno epidemiološko spremljanje pojava ter poglobljeno etnografsko raziskovanje. Injicirajoči uporabniki drog (IUD) tvegajo okužbe s krvjo, če vedno ne uporabljajo sterilnih igel in brizg. Predstavljene so tuje in domače etnografske ugotovitve o tveganih tehnikah souporabljanja pribora za vbrizgavanje ter družbeni kontekst tveganega injiciranja. Okužbe z mikroorganizmi so možne tudi pri skupni uporabi ostalih pripomočkov in materialov, ki so potrebni za vbrizganje ali pri čiščenju uporabljenih brizg (posode za mešanje drog filtri, voda). Tvegano vbrizgavanje je pri nas v upadu, a še vedno zaskrbljujoče razširjeno. Več kot tričetrt oseb preučevanega vzorca 95 IUD v Ljubljani je vsaj enkrat v letu 1998 souporabljalo pribor ali dele pribora za injiciranje z enim ali več posamezniki. Namen prispevka je spodbuditi nadaljevanje raziskovanja vbrizgavanja drog in okoliščin, v katerih poteka. Politika nadzora nad drogami oblikuje način, kako Ijudje droge uporabljajo. Predlagali smo: širjenje ustreznih preventivnih programov, zlasti terenskega dela, v večja slovenska mesta ter vzdrževanje lahke dostopnosti pribora za injiciranje preko programov zamenjave igel in brizg v okviru samopomočnih skupin in lekarn.
Deskriptorji		SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES NEEDLE SHARING HIV INFECTIONS