Avtor/Urednik		Grmek-Košnik, Irena; Mueller-Premru, Manica; Seljak, Marija; Pavlica, Tatjana; Peternelj, Brigita; Pohar, Majda; Kolman, Jana
Naslov		Analiza epidemije stafilokokne zastrupitve s hrano
Prevedeni naslov		Analysis of the epidemic of staphylococcal food poisoning
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.		Letnik 69, št. 6
Leto izdaje		2000
Obseg		str. 439-43
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Background. Staphylococcal food poisoning, being the consequence of ingestion of food, contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus and/or it is stable enterotoxins (SE), is usually epidemic. Food is contaminated with staphylococci by a person preparing it, who is a carrier and/or has a staphylococcal skin infection. The diagnosis of poisoning is made when the patients have typical symptoms and SE or/and S. aureus is isolated from food. In our study we wanted to determine, which kind of food was contaminated in the epidemic of food poisoning, which SE were involved, were the cooks carriers who contaminated food and environment and whether S. aureus or SE were present in the patients vomit. Materials. Together 37 samples were cultivated, of which 11 were throat, nose and wound swabs of four cooks, one the patients vomit, five food samples and 20 environmental samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by use of disk diffusion method. SE were detected with agglutination test SET RPLA (Oxoid) and genotypes determined by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Result. In the epidemic from twelve samples thirteen S. aureus isolates were found; five in two cooks, six in food samples and two in the environment. In the patients vomit neither S.aureus nor its SE were found. Eight isolates produced SE, six of them SE A and D and two SE C. The first cook had S. aureus with SE A and D and genotype a in her throat and on the wound, but the second cook had S. aureus without SE and with genotype b in her throat, wound and on the skin. Three food samples had S. aureus with SE A and D and genotype a, one of them had also S. aureus with SE C and genotype a, and two had S. aureus without SE and with genotypes c and d. In one environmental sample S. aureus with SE A and D and genotype a was found, but in the second one S. aureus with SE C and genotype f. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters.)
Izvleček		Izhodišča. Stafilokokna zastrupitev s hrano je posledica zaužitja toplotno stabilnih enterotoksinov (SE) bakterije Staphylococcus aureus s hrano. Zastrupitev običajno poteka epidemično. Hrano s stafilokoki pri pripravi kontaminira človek, ki je klicenosec ali ima stafilokokno okužbo. Diagnozo zastrupitve s SE postavimo, kadar iz hrane, ki so jo zaužili bolniki, dokažemo SE ali osamimo najmanj 10 petin kolonij bakterije S. aureus na gram živila. Analizirali smo epidemijo zastrupitve s hrano. Želeli smo ugotoviti, katera hrana je bila kontaminirana z bakterijo S. aureus in s katerimi SE, ali je bila katera od oseb v kuhinji zaposlenih klicenosec, ki je kontaminiral hrano in okolje, in ali je imel bolnik S. aureus in/ali SE v izbruhanini. Metode. Kultivirali smo skupino 37 vzorcev, od tega 11 brisov žrela, nosu ter ran štirih zaposlenih v kuhinji, izbruhanino bolnika, pet vzorcev hrane in 20 vzorcev iz okolja. Izolatom bakterije S. aureus smo določili občutljivost za antibiotike z difuzijskim antibiogramom, z aglutinacijskim testom SET RPLA (Oxoid) smo določili SE, s pulzno elekroforezo pa genotip. Rezultati. V epidemiji smo v 12 vzorcih našli 13 izolatov bakterije S. aureus; pet pri dveh zaposlenih, šest v vzorcih hrane in dva v vzorcih iz okolja. Iz izbruhanine bolnika bakterije S. aureus ali SE nismo našli. Osem izolatov je izločilo SE, od tega šest SE A in D, dva pa SE C. Prva zaposlena oseba je imela v žrelu in na rani S. aureus, ki je izločal SE A in D in je imel genotip a. Druga je imela v žrelu in na rani ter na koži S. aureus, ki ni izločal SE in je imel genotip b. (Izvleček prekinjen pri 2000 znakih.)
Deskriptorji		STAPHYLOCOCCAL FOOD POISONING STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DISEASE OUTBREAKS ENTEROTOXINS ELECTROPHORESIS, GEL, PULSED-FIELD GENOTYPE DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL