Avtor/Urednik		Ocvirk, Janja
Naslov		Topni receptorji TNF pri rakavih bolnikih
Tip		monografija
Kraj izdaje		Ljubljana
Založnik		Medicinska fakulteta
Leto izdaje		2000
Obseg		str. 73
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Chemotherapy in patients with metastatic melanoma is only partially effective and the prognosis varies considerably from patient to patient; in some cases, it may even be extremely bad. In case chemotherapy is supposed to be ineffective, it should not be given to patients in order to avoid unnecessary exposure. For the patients with systemic melanomas, no specific or reliable indices, factors, or tumor markers are available that would allow the classification and follow-up of these patients. Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) is a cytokine, known for a variety of biologic activities. It has a cytotoxic effect upon tumor cells; it induces apoptosis; it influences the immune system functioning, the development of autoimmune diseases, and affects cardiovascular system functioning. It is attached to the membrane or is soluble in the serum. Its active form is homotrimeric molecule containing three identical subunits with a molecular mass of 17 kDa. TNFalpha reacts through two receptors attached to the membrane, TNF-R55 and TNF-R75. TNF-R55 is expressed by almost all types of cells, whereas TNF-R75 is expressed by myeloid cell-type only. Soluble forms of TNF-R55 and TNF-R75 are obtained by proteolytic cleavage. These two soluble receptors are binding with the soluble form of TNFalpha, thereby reducing its effectiveness, either favorable or unfavorable. The soluble TNF-R55 are produced also on cancer cells yielding their survival because the binding of soluble TNF-R55 to TNFalpha substantially reduces the TNFalpha cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. Soluble TNF-R55 were also found on melanoma cells and other cancer cells. Their concentrations are measured in the serum of patients with systemic metastatic melanoma. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters)
Deskriptorji		TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTORS, TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR MELANOMA NEOPLASM METASTASIS PROGNOSIS ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY