Avtor/Urednik		Obreza, Pavla; Benko, Helika; Kuželički, Jernej; Bajd, Tadej; Kamnik, Roman; Štefančič, Martin
Naslov		Multichannel FES standing-up
Tip		članek
Vir		In: Sinjkaer T, Popovic D, Struijk JJ, editors. IFESS 2000 NP 2000. Proceedings of the 5th annual conference of the international functional electrical stimulation society and 6th triennial conference "Neural prostheses: motor systems"; 2000 Jun 18-24; Aalborg. Aalborg: International functional electrical stimulation society,
Leto izdaje		2000
Obseg		str. 470-3
Jezik		eng
Abstrakt		Spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects can raise from a chair by the help of arm support and open-loop electrical stimulation of the knee extensors. The knee joint torques produced by electrically stimulated knee extensors are normally low. Thus extensive effort of upper extremities is required. The aim of the investigation was to study the influence of the stimulation of ankle plantar flexors and hip extensors on the efficiency of standing-up process. SCI subject performed raising from sitting to standing position with surface electrical stimulation of different combinations of muscle groups. The stimulation sequences depended on the phase of the sit-to-stand process. The current phase was detected by measuring the vertical handle reaction force. A robot wrist sensor was used to asses the handle reaction force. The stimulation amplitude for each particular muscle group was scaled to fit between the treshold and saturation value of the recruitment curve. The body kinematics was assessed with contactless optical system. The ground and seat reaction forces were measured with force plates. A 3-dimensional model was used to compute the joint torques. No major differences were noticed between the different types of raising. Additional electrodes on hip extensors and ankle plantar flexors seem not to be justified for daily use of functional electrical stimulation. Standing up is a realtively quick process. It appears that the patient cannot react properly in order to use his stimulated lower extremities to support the standing-up to a larger extent.
Deskriptorji		TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTRIC NERVE STIMULATION GAIT SPINAL CORD INJURIES BIOMECHANICS PARAPLEGIA