Avtor/Urednik		Radovan, Marko
Naslov		Motivacija z vidika socialnokognitivne teorije Alberta Bandure
Prevedeni naslov		Motivation from Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory viewpoint
Tip		članek
Vir		Anthropos
Vol. in št.		Letnik 32, št. 3-4
Leto izdaje		2000
Obseg		str. 115-24
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		In the context of cognitive psychological theories motivation depends on the manner, in which a person receives, decodes and interprets informations. This socially mediated process is characterized with intercultural and interpersonal differences and is in psychology known as social cognition. Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory links motivation with individual's ability of self-regulation and other self-directive mechanisms. According to Bandura, each person possesses a self-system that enables him to exercise a measure of control over his thoughts, feelings and actions. Human behaviour is a result of the interplay between this self-system and social influences. Such a self-system is endowed with the referential mechanisms and competencies for perceiving, regulating and evaluating behaviour. An individual directs his or her behaviour in the process of triadic reciprocal determinism. This process is indicated by reciprocal interaction of intrapersonal factors, external environment and behaviour. Of all beliefs, selfefficacy beliefs are the most influential arbiter of human activity. They are the beliefs about one's judgements of his ability to control his performance and environment. Self-efficacy beliefs are constructed from four principal sources of information: (1) enactive mastery experience, (2) vicarious experience, (3) verbal persuasions and (4) physiological and affective states. Self-efficacy beliefs are very important among cognitive motivators. They influence a choice of behavior, how much effort people will expend on an activity and how long they will persevere. Efficacy beliefs also play a central role in different forms of the cognitive regulation of behavior, such as causal attributions, outcome expectancies and cognized goals.
Izvleček		V kontekstu kognitivnih psiholoških teorij je motivacija odvisna od načina, na katerega posameznik sprejema, dekodira in predeluje informacije. Gre torej za socialni proces predelave informacij, ki ga označujeta interkulturno in interpersonalno razlikovanje in se v psihologiji imenuje socialna kognicija. Socialnokognitivna teorija Alberta Bandure povezuje motivacijo s sposobnostjo samoregulacije in drugimi samodirektivnimi mehanizmi. Po Banduri posameznik s sistemom jaza vzpostavlja kontrolo nad lastnim razmišljanjem, čustvovanjem in aktivnostjo. Človekovo obnašanje je rezultat medsebojnega vplivanja med sistemom jaza in vplivi socialnega okolja. Sistem jaza sestavljajo referenčni mehanizmi in funkcije za zaznavanje, reguliranje in vrednotenje vedenja. Posameznik usmerja svoje vedenje v procesu recipročnega determinizma. Ta proces označuje medsebojno povezanost intrapersonalnih dejavnikov, okolja in vedenja. Od vseh prepričanj, s katerimi posameznik ocenjuje kontrolo nad svojimi dejanji in okoljem, v katerem živi, so najvplivnejše predstave o lastni učinkovitosti oz. samoučinkovitosti. Gre za prepričanja o lastni uspešnosti, ki pomenijo občutenje osebne kompetentnosti pri določenem opravilu. Posameznikova samoučinkovitost se oblikuje na podlagi štirih temeljnih virov informacij: (1) neposredne izkušnje, (2) nadomestne izkušnje, (3) prepričevanje in (4) fiziološkoafektivne reakcije. Prepričanja o lastni učinkovitosti zavzemajo osrednjo pozicijo v kognitivni regulaciji motivacije in so ključni dejavnik pri odločitvi, ali se bo posameznik z določenim problemom sploh spoprijel, koliko napora bo vložil v svoje prizadevanje in kako dolgo bo vztrajal. Mnenja o lastni učinkovitosti imajo pomemben vpliv tudi na druge oblike kognitivne regulacije vedenja, kot so vzročno pripisovanje, pričakovanje izidov in zastavljanje ciljev.
Deskriptorji		MOTIVATION COGNITIVE SCIENCE SELF PSYCHOLOGY SELF CONCEPT EGO PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL