Avtor/Urednik		Gangl-Žvikart, Ljuba
Naslov		Strupene rastline - primera zastrupitve z navadnim kristavcem (Datura stramonium)
Prevedeni naslov		Poisonous plants - two cases of poisoning with thorn apple (Datura stramonium)
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.		Letnik 71, št. 1
Leto izdaje		2002
Obseg		str. 7-10
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Background. In attempt to provoke hallucinations two adolescents were poisoned with thorn apple. This plant could be easily found near urban and rural areas such as fields and dykes. It spreads around as a weed and its seeds are found even in bird's food. In nowadays these seeds could be found in seedman's shops offered for sale as decorative plants. While free acces to the Internet enables the targeted population, in this case mostly adolescents, to gather large amount of information on hallucinogenic effects of seeds described above. It does not provide them with information on negative side effects which causes urgent visits at intensive care units of hospitals. Thefact that the abuse of thorn apple's seeds causes intoxications is more and more often described in scientific literature. In 1997/98 the paediatricians from Maribor described three cases of accidental poisoning of adolescents. In Slovenia there are only four out of twelve pediatric departments which haven't had any case of poisoning of that kind yet. Results. Clinical data - simptoms of central and peripherial anticholinergic syndrom and the history (heteroanamnesy) showed the possibility of poisoning with plant's alkaloids with anticholinergic activity which was comfirmed by doctor on duty. She provided me in person with exact, specific and detailed description of seeds consumed by two young men. Physostigmine salicilate is the drug of choice and it is used in cases of serious poisoning. Conclusions. After serious clinical simptoms at the beginning both adolescents recovered well and after three days of medical supervision they were released from the hospital without any consequences harmful to their health.
Izvleček		Izhodišča. Pri dveh eksperimentiranja željnih mladostnikih je prišlo do zastrupitve s semeni navadnega kristavca (Datura stramonium), rastlino, ki lahko povzroči halucinacije. Rastlina raste kjerkoli, blizu človeških bivališč, ob poljih, na nasipiščih. Raste kot plevel, semena najdemo tudi v hrani za ptiče. V zadnjih letih je, po preverjenih podatkih, možno dobiti semena v semenarnah, kjer jih prodajajo kot okrasne rastline. Podatke o halucinogenem delovanju semen dobijo mladi na internetu. Žal pa ne dobijo podatkov o škodljivih učinkih, zaradi katerih je pogosto potreben sprejem na intenzivni oddelek bolnišnice. V literaturi je opisan porast števila zastrupitev s semeni kristavca zaradi zlorabe. Pri nas so v letu 1997/98 mariborski pediatri opisali tri primere nenaključne zastrupitve pri mladostnikih. Doslej le še štirje otroški oddelki od dvanajstih niso obravnavali nobenega primera zastrupitve. Rezultati. Klinična slika z znaki centralnega in perifernega antiholinergičnega sindroma ter heteroanamneza sta kazali na možnost zastrupitve z rastlinskimi alkaloidi z antiholinergičnim učinkom. To je potrdila tudi dežurna zdravnica, ki je natančno opisala semena rastline, ki sta jih fanta zaužila. Fizostigmin salicilat je najprimernejše zdravilo pri zdravljenju in ga uporabimo pri hudo potekajoči zastrupitvi. Zaključki. Oba mladostnika sta po zaskrbljujoči začetni klinični sliki zastrupitve ob simptomatskem zdravljenju kmalu okrevala in tretjega dne zapustila bolnišnico brez posledic za njuno zdravje.
Deskriptorji		STRAMONIUM SUBSTANCE ABUSE POISONING ADOLESCENCE ACUTE DISEASE