Avtor/Urednik		Pokorn, Marko
Naslov		Konjugirana pnevmokokna cepiva
Prevedeni naslov		Conjugate pneumococcal vaccines
Tip		članek
Vir		Med Razgl
Vol. in št.		Letnik 41, št. Suppl 2
Leto izdaje		2002
Obseg		str. 153-8
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of bacterial infections in children and adults. Since the emergence of penicillin-resistant isolates 25 years ago, antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to various antibiotics has increased tremendously. Until the development of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines a few years ago, the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine was the only one available for the prevention of pneumococcal disease. In contrast to the polysaccharide vaccine, the new conjugates are immunogenic in children under 2 years of age. Since February 2000, a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has been licensed in the US for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in infants and children; it subsequently also became available in many European countries. The vaccine is safe and effectively protects against invasive pneumococcal disease and otitis media episodes, and reduces the pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carrier rate.
Izvleček		Streptococcus pneumoniae je poglavitni povzročitelj bakterijskih okužb pri otrocih in odraslih. V 25 letih od pojava prvih sevov, odpornih na penicilin, odpornost bakterije na betalaktamske in druge antibiotike skokovito narašča. Do pred nekaj leti je bilo za preprečevanje pnevmokoknih okužb na voljo le 23-valentno polisaharidno cepivo, ki pri otrocih, mlajših od 2 let, ni bilo imunogeno. Od februarja leta 2000 pa je v ZDA in nekaj kasneje tudi v zahodnoevropskih državah na voljo 7-valentno konjugirano pnevmokokno cepivo, ki je varno in imunogeno tudi pri majhnih otrocih, ki jih te okužbe najbolj ogrožajo. Cepivo učinkovito ščiti pred invazivnimi pnevmokoknimi okužbami, pri cepljenih otrocih pa so opažali tudi manj epizod vnetja srednjega ušesa in pojavljanja nosilstva pnevmokokov v nosno-žrelnem prostoru.
Deskriptorji		PNEUMOCOCCAL INFECTIONS STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE VACCINES, CONJUGATE