Avtor/Urednik		Strel, J; Kovač, M; Leskošek, B; Jurak, G; Starc, G
Naslov		Telesni in gibalni razvoj otrok in mladine v Sloveniji v letih 1990-2000
Prevedeni naslov		Physical and motor development of school children in the period from 1990 to 2000
Tip		članek
Vir		Slov Pediatr
Vol. in št.		Letnik 9, št. Suppl 1
Leto izdaje		2002
Obseg		str. 90-101
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Physical and motor development of the population of Slovene children and youth has been monitored for fifteen years by means of a special system - the sports educational records. Between 1990 and 2000 the changes in motor and morphological development of Slovenian children and youth have been quite diverse and in some cases have shown different trends from what had been found decades before. On the basis of the collected data from more than 200.000 school children and youth between the age of 7 and 19 we have been finding changes in body height, weight, and the amount of subcutaneous fat as well as changes in general motor ability in the period from 1990 to 2000. Comparisons have been made between both genders and, for the first time also, between Slovenian regions. An accelerated growth in height has slowed down in the last decade compared to the periods of time from the 1970's onwards. The final body height of secondary school children is for males 0,76 cm and for females 0,38 cm higher than at the beginning of the decade. The population data have furthermore shown that the body weight and the amount of subcutaneous fat in primary school children has increased considerably as well as the weight of secondary school population, more as male than in female population. The amount of subcutaneous fat has decreased in comparison to 1990. Comparisons of physical and motor development of children and young people between Slovenian regions have shown certain changes the last decade. Additional interpretation will be needed by using other available indicators (economic situation, health status, attitudes of children to sport, size of sports area per capita, personnel conditions etc.). (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters).
Izvleček		V Sloveniji že petnajst let spremljamo telesni in gibalni razvoj slovenskih otrok in mladine s posebnim sistemom športnovzgojnim kartonom. V obdobju med 1990 in 2000 so spremembe gibalnega in telesnega razvoja slovenskih otrok in mladine zelo raznovrstne; v nekaterih primerih kažejo drugačne trende, kot so bili ugotovljeni v prejšnjih desetletjih. Na podlagi zbranih podatkov več kot 200.000 šoloobveznih otrok in mladine od 7. do 19. leta smo ugotavljali spremembe v telesni višini, teži in količini podkožnega maščevja ter splošni gibalni zmogljivosti med letoma 1990 in 2000. Primerjave so narejene med spoloma, prvič pa tudi med posameznimi slovenskimi pokrajinami. Pospešena rast v višino se je v tem desetletju bistveno upočasnila v primerjavi z obdobji od leta 1970. Končna višina dijakov je za 0,76 cm in dijakinj za 0,38 cm višja kot na začetku desetletja. Populacijski podatki kažejo, da se telesna teža in količina podkožnega maščevja pri osnovnošolski mladini bistveno povečujeta. V primerjavi z letom 1990 se je pri srednješolcih teža povečala, bistveno bolj pri fantih kot pri dekletih, zmanjšala pa se je količina podkožnega maščevja. Opravljene primerjave med slovenskimi pokrajinami v telesnem in gibalnem razvoju otrok in mladine kažejo na pomembne spremembe v desetletnem obdobju, treba pa bo opraviti še dodatne interpretacije s pomočjo drugih kazalcev, ki so nam na voljo (ekonomski položaj, zdravstveno stanje, stališča otrok do športa, količina športnih površin na posameznika, kadrovski pogoji ipd.). Zaskrbljujoče je povečanje količine podkožnega maščevja s sočasnimi negativnimi trendi gibalnih zmožnosti otrok na razredni stopnji. Prvič v Sloveniji ugotavljamo, da so največje pozitivne spremembe med 15. in 19. letom starosti. Doseženi rezultati so toliko pomembnejši, ker je srednja šola v letu 2000 dostopna širšemu krogu mladostnikov.
Deskriptorji		CHILD DEVELOPMENT BODY WEIGHT BODY HEIGHT SKINFOLD THICKNESS CHILD ADOLESCENCE