| Avtor/Urednik | Šabovič, Mišo; Mavri, Alenka | |
| Naslov | Leptin in debelost - nevroendokrini, presnovni in aterogeni učinki leptina | |
| Prevedeni naslov | Leptin and obesity - neuroendocrine, metabolic and atherogenic effects of leptin | |
| Tip | članek | |
| Vir | Zdrav Vestn | |
| Vol. in št. | Letnik 72, št. 1 | |
| Leto izdaje | 2003 | |
| Obseg | str. 19-23 | |
| Jezik | slo | |
| Abstrakt | Background. Leptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that was recently discovered. Leptin and leptin resistance play an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity. Leptin acts by binding to specific receptors in the hypothalamus to alter the expression of several neuropeptides that regulate food intake and energy expenditure. As commonly found, obese persons have leptin resistance and consequently attenuated effects of leptin. Mechanism underlying leptin resistance has not been explained yet: it might be the result of a receptor or post receptor defect, impaired transport of leptin through cerebrovascular barrier or inactivation of leptin by binding proteins. Phase 1 and 11 clinical trials proved that recombinant leptin administration to humans is safe. First results of the current phase III clinical trials demonstrated that leptin is moderately effective in the treatment of obesity. Conclusions. Beside anti-obesity effect, leptin can have important metabolic and neuroendocrine effects. It is involved in glucose metabolism and insulin secretion, pathogenesis of polymetabolic syndrome, diabetes and arterial hypertension. In addition it affects some processes of atherothrombosis. It interacts with and significantly influences hypothalamic pituitary adrenal, thyroid, sexual glands and growth hormone axes. Explaining the mechanism of leptin resistance could be important for understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and ssociated pathologic states as polymetabolic syndrom, diabetes, arterial hipertension and atherothrombosis. | |
| Izvleček | Izhodišča. Leptin je hormon, ki ga izločajo maščobne celice. Leptin in leptinska rezistenca (neodzivnost na leptin) imata pomembno vlogo v patogenezi debelosti. Leptin aktivira specifične receptorje v hipotalamusu, ki prek izražanja več nevropeptidov uravnavajo apetit in porabo energije v telesu. Leptinska rezistenca, ki je pri debelih ljudeh pogosta, zmanjša učinek leptina. Okvara, ki povzroči leptinsko rezistenco, še ni pojasnjena; možno je, da gre za receptorsko ali poreceptorsko motnjo, inaktivacijo leptina z vezavnimi beljakovinami ali ovirano prestopanje leptina iz krvi v likvor. Začetne raziskave (klinični fazi I in II) zdravljenja z rekombinantnim leptinom pri ljudeh so pokazale, da je zdravljenje varno. Raziskave učinkovitosti (klinična faza III) še potekajo, prvi rezultati pa kažejo, da je leptin zmerno učinkovit pri zdravljenju debelosti. Zaključki. Poleg vpliva na debelost ima leptin tudi presnovne in nevroendokrine učinke. Vpleta se v metabolizem glukoze in izločanje inzulina ter patogenezo polimetabolnega sindroma in verjetno tudi sladkorne bolezni, vpliva na razvoj arterijske hipertenzije in nekatere aterotrombotične procese. Leptin ima pomembno vlogo tudi v uravnavanju hormonov nadledvične žleze, ščitničnih hormonov, spolnih hormonov in rastnega hormona. Pojasnitev mehanizma leptinske rezistence bo verjetno pomembno doprinesla k razumevanju patogeneze debelosti in z debelostjo povezanih bolezenskih stanj kot so polimetabolni sindrom, sladkorna bolezen, arterijska hipertenzija in aterotromboza. | |
| Deskriptorji | OBESITY ADIPOCYTES ANOREXIA NERVOSA CACHEXIA DIABETES MELLITUS HYPERTENSION ATHEROSCLEROSIS INSULIN RESISTANCE |