Avtor/Urednik		Uršič-Vrščaj, Marjetka
Naslov		Hormonsko nadomestno zdravljenje in rak
Prevedeni naslov		Hormone replacement therapy and cancer
Tip		članek
Vir		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. in št.		Letnik 72, št. Suppl 2
Leto izdaje		2003
Obseg		str. II-15-8
Jezik		slo
Abstrakt		Background. Sex steroids are not known to damage DNA directly. They can stimulate or inhibit cell proliferation, and thus can modulate tumor developmental progression. Results. Sex steroids-related tumors in women are represented by breast cancer and endometrial cancer, and a possible relationship exists between sex steroids and both ovarian and colon cancer. Among current ERT users or those who stopped use 1-4 years previously, the relative risk of having breast cancer diagnosed is low, increases by factor of 1.023 for each year of hormone use. An appropriate combination of estrogen and progestin does not appear to increase, and may even decrease, the risk of endometrial cancer. Studies on HRT and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer have produced conflicting results but most data seem to exclude a strong assotiation. It is important that available data suggest a reduced risk of benigm colorectal adenoma and colon cancer for 30-40%. Conclusions. After breast cancer, endometrial cancer, melanoma or epithelial ovarian cancer HRT is not absolute contraindication. Low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma should be considered to be a contraindication to HRT.
Izvleček		Izhodišča. Podatkov, ki bi govorili za to, da spolni steroidni hormoni neposredno povzročajo okvare DNA, ni. Mogoče je, da delujejo bodisi spodbujevalno ali zaviralno in tako posredno vplivajo tudi na nastanek ali napredovanje raka. Rezultati. Maligni tumorji, ki jih povezujemo s spolnimi steroidnimi hormoni, so rak dojke in endometrijski karcinom. Kot domnevno povezane pa štejemo karcinom jajčnikov in širokega črevesja. Relativno tveganje za raka dojke pri ženskah, ki imajo HNZ ali so ga imele pred manj kot 4 leti, je majhno, 1,023, in sicer za vsako leto HNZ. Ustrezno estrogenski-progestagensko HNZ ne povečuje tveganja za karcinom endometrija, ampak ga zelo verjetno celo znižuje. Izsledki raziskav o HNZ in raku jajčnikov so neenotni glede tveganja. Glede na večino objavljenih izsledkov pa večjega tveganja ni. Pomembno je, da HNZ znižuje tveganje za benigni adenom širokega črevesa in karcinom širokega črevesa za 30-40%. Zaključki. HNZ pri bolnicah po raku dojke, endometrijskem karcinomu, melanomu ali raku jajčnikov ni absolutno kontraindicirano. Nizko maligni stromalni endometrijski sarkom je kontraindikacija za HNZ.
Deskriptorji		ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY NEOPLASMS, HORMONE-DEPENDENT BREAST NEOPLASMS ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASMS OVARIAN NEOPLASMS MELANOMA