Author/Editor     Trampuž, Andrej; Rezar, Leopold; Tomič, Viktorija; Muzlovič, Igor
Title     SARS (hudi akutni respiratorni sindrom) - nov izziv za človeštvo
Translated title     SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) - a new challenge for the mankind
Type     članek
Source     Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.     Letnik 72, št. 7-8
Publication year     2003
Volume     str. 453-60
Language     slo
Abstract     Background. SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) is a recently recognized new infectious respiratory illness, which first appeared in southern China in November 2002, and has since then within months spread to 29 countries. In total, 8437 cases and 813 deaths occurred (situation as of August 1, 2003). SARS is caused by a novel coronavirus that is primarily spread by large droplet transmission, less commonly by surface contamination or by air (airborne). Around half of the infected were health care workers; the majority of cases acquired the infection in the hospital. Gonclusions. Incubation period of SARS is 2 to 10 days. Early manifestations include fever, myalgia, and headache, followed 2 to 4 days later by cough, shortness of breath, and diarrhea. In 10-20% of patients, tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation is required. Casefatality is approximately 15% in patients aged 60 years or older may be higher than 40%. There is no specific therapy or vaccine, and management consists of supportive care. This article summarizes updated information regarding epidemiology, clinical features, etiologic agent, modes of transmission of the disease, and infection control measures to contain SARS:
Summary     Izhodišča. SARS (hudi akutni respiratorni sindrom) (angl. severe acute respiratory syndrome) je nova infekcijska bolezen dihal, ki se je prvič pojavila na jugu Kitajske novembra 2002 in se v nekaj mesecih razširila v 29 držav. Skupaj je zbolelo 8437 in umrlo 823 okuženih (stanje dne 1. avgusta 2003). SARS povzroča nov koronavirus, ki se v glavnem prenaša kapljično, redkeje prek kontaminiranih površin ali po zraku (aerogeno). Okoli polovica obolelih je bilo zdravstvenih delavcev in v večini primerov je do prenosa povzročitelja okužbe prišlo v bolnišnici. Zaključki. Inkubacijska doba pri sarsu je 2 do 10 dni. Sprva se pojavijo vročina, mišične bolečine in glavobol, ki jim 2 do 4 dni kasneje sledijo kašelj dispneja in driska. Pri 10-20% bolnikov je potrebno intubiranje in mehansko predihavanje. Smrtnost znaša okoli 25%, v starosti nad 60 let pa se lahko povzpne nad 40%. Specifičnega zdravljenja ali cepiva še ni in bolnike lahko zdravimo podporno. Članek povzema aktualne informacije v zvezi z epidemiologijo, bolezenskimi znaki, povzročiteljem, načini prenosa in higienskimi ukrepi za zajezitev širjenja sarsa.
Descriptors     PNEUMONIA, VIRAL
DISEASE OUTBREAKS
CORONAVIRUS INFECTIONS
CORONAVIRUS
QUARANTINE
DISEASE TRANSMISSION
CHINA
SINGAPORE
CANADA