| Author/Editor | Pinter, B | |
| Title | Pregled hormonske kontracepcije | |
| Translated title | A review of hormonal contraception | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | Med Razgl | |
| Vol. and No. | Letnik 30, št. 3 | |
| Publication year | 1991 | |
| Volume | str. 397-406 | |
| Language | slo | |
| Abstract | Acute respiratory infections are the leading cause of morbidity in children. They account ior 50 - 60 per cent of children's first visits to the doctor. Viruses (in more than 90 per cent )and bacteria are the most frequent causative agents; their relative importance varies, depending mainly on the site of infection and the child's age. The commonest bacterial pathogens are beta haemolytic - streptococcus of group A, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The principal antibiotics prescribed as drugs of first choice for the treatment of bacterial infections include penicillin, aminopenicillins, macrolide antibiotics and, for severe infection of the lower respiratory tract, epiglottis or bacterial tracheobronchitis, cefuroxime or one of beta lactamase - resistant antibiotics, alone or in combination that is effective on the most common bacterias. Failure of antibiotic therapy is most often due to improper indication. Early identification of the etiologic agent is not always possible. Good knowledge of the clinical picture and course of acute respiratory infections as well as the available bacteriological tests are crucial for rational use of antibiotics in children. The dose of hormones in new lowdose hormonal contraceptive pills is ten times lower than in the first contraceptives used in the early sixties. Adverse side-effects which for the most part depend on the dose of hormones have thus been markedly reduced. Positive effects are based on the suppression of ovulation, therefore hormonal contracep tives have a very favourable benefit/risk ratio. In addition to the established oral hormonal contraceptive method, new routes of administration and new steroids with antihormonal effect have been gaining ground. Currently, clinical trials of some non- steroid hor mones, as GnRH-analogues, are underway. | |
| Descriptors | CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, COMBINED CONTRACEPTIVES, ORAL, SEQUENTIAL INTRAUTERINE DEVICES CONTRACEPTIVES, POSTCOITAL, HORMONAL ESTROGENS PROGESTATIONAL HORMONES, SYNTHETIC DELAYED-ACTION PREPARATIONS DRUG IMPLANTS |