Author/Editor		Turel, Matjaž
Title		Kajenje, KOPB, odvajanje in še kaj
Translated title		Smoking, COPD, cessation of smoking and more
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 42, št. Suppl 4
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 43-7
Language		slo
Abstract		Cigarette smoking is the most important preventable cause of morbidity and premature mortality in developed countries. Several thousand different substances have been identified in cigarette smoke to date, some of which are pharmacologically active, others are cytotoxic, carcinogenic and mutagenic. Nicotine is the addictive drug which is responsible for addiction to cigarette smoke. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and cardiovascular atherosclerotic diseases are the most common causes of premature morbidity and mortality among smokers. Approximately 85% of deaths occurring as a result of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are related to smoking. Among those who develop lung cancer, only about 10% are non-smokers. Approximately 20% of deaths resulting from coronary heart disease are due to smoking. The birth weight of newborns born to mothers who smoke is on average 170 g lower than in those born to non-smokers. Cessation of smoking dramatically reduces the risk of diseases related to smoking. Physicians who are aware of their patients smoking should repeatedly warn them of the risks they are exposed to and assist them in their efforts to stop smoking. Pharmacological preparations are also available as aids to stop smoking.
Summary		Kajenje cigaret je najpomembnejši preprečljivi vzrok obolevanja in prezgodnje smrti v razvitem svetu. V cigaretnem dimu so do sedaj dokazali nekaj tisoč različnih snovi. Med njimi so nekatere farmakološko aktivne, druge citotoksične, karcinogene in mutagene. Nikotin je »droga«, ki je odgovorna za odvisnost od cigaretnega dima. Kronična obstruktivna pljučna bolezen, rak in aterosklerotične bolezni srca in ožilja so najpogostejši vzrok za prezgodnje obolevanje in smrtnost pri kadilcih. Približno 85% smrti, ki so posledica kronične obstruktivne bolezni, je povezano s kajenjem. Med zbolelimi za pljučnim rakom je le okoli 10% nekadilcev. Za približno 20% smrti, ki so posledica koronarne bolezni, je odgovorno kajenje. Novorojenčki mater kadilk so v povprečju 170 g lažji kot novorojenčki nekadilk. Opustitev kajenja dramatično zniža tveganje za nastanek bolezni, povezane s kajenjem. Če vemo, da naš bolnik kadi, smo ga dolžni vedno znova opozarjati, kakšnemu tveganju se izpostavlja, in mu pri opuščanju kajenja pomagati. Za pomoč pri odvajanju so na voljo tudi farmakološki pripravki.
Descriptors		SMOKING LUNG DISEASES, OBSTRUCTIVE TOBACCO USE DISORDER LUNG NEOPLASMS TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY CORONARY DISEASE SMOKING CESSATION