Author/Editor		Kališnik, M
Title		Kvantitativna analiza slike, stereologija in astereologija v medicini
Translated title		Quantitative image analysis, stereology and astereology in medicine
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 30, št. 4
Publication year		1991
Volume		str. 563-82
Language		slo
Abstract		An image is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional object. Images obtained by physicai or optic sectioning can be used for stereological analysis, while those resulting from projection from the surface of the object or from various levels inside the object can be analysed only astereologically. Stereology is a system of multidisciplinary methods for quantitative analysis of a three-dimensional interior structure of objects based on two-dimensional sections made across them. Relative variables (densities) represent quantities of a given constituent per volume unit, while absolute variables indicate the amount of a given constituent in the whole body studied: from two or more relative and/or absolute variables derived variables can be calculated. The initial phase of planning stereological analysis implies the construction of a hierarchical model and definition of reference space for each constituent. Then, from the entire population of fields a sample comprising a certain number of fields is selected to represent the entire population. Anisotropic objects with constituents arranged in a certain preference direction require a special approach. Test systems are instruments for manual stereological analysis and before use they should be calibrated to a given objective. The test used should be sufficiently accurate and economicai. Stereological analysis is made easier by the use of semi-automatic (optomanual) and automatic equipment. Identifying error sources is of great importance in stereological analyses. Astereology is a sysstatistical inferences. tem of methods for semiquantitative analysis of images derived from uneven surfaces which are not interpretable in a three-dimensional space. Although quantitative image analysis, stereology and astereology are used mostly in normal and pathologic histology, they are being increasingly introduced into clinical work, especially in radiological diagnosis.(trunc.)
Descriptors		HISTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES BIOMETRY