Author/Editor		Židanik, Miloš
Title		Škodljivo uživanje in odvisnost od alkohola: prevalenca, komorbidnost in osebnostne značilnosti
Translated title		Alcohol-related disorders: prevalence, comorbidity and personality
Type		članek
Source		Odvisnosti
Vol. and No.		Letnik 4, št. 1-2
Publication year		2003
Volume		str. 56-8
Language		slo
Abstract		The aim of this article is the analysis of general population regarding people with alcohol-related problems: to establish the prevalence, comorbiditiy with most frequent axis 1 and axis 2 diagnoses and some risk factors that may contribute to the development of alcohol-related disorders. A selfreport questionnaire was send to a randomised sample ot general population (n =5853). There was a 29,4% compliance rate and the final analysis was performed on 1655 questionnaires, from 772 men and 883 women. The average age of people in the sample was 42,4± 13,3 years with median 41. Alcohol abuse was established at 20,5% men and 7,1% women and alcohol dependence at 8% men and 0,9% women. In this subsample there was a high prevalence of depression (32,7% men and 52% women), somatoform disorders (22,7% men and 31% women), suicidal ideation (6,4% men and 16,9% women) and psychotic signs (35% men and 38% women). There was a significant proportion of possible personality disorders: at 58,6% men and 73,2% women. In this sample there was a high prevalence of risk factors in their childhood - alcoholism at relatives (37,8%), financial problems in families (24,4%), parental separation or death in the family (22%), all significant higher as at people with no alcohol related problems in general population. Regarding the high risk of this specific population (high comorbidiiy), there is a necessity for a better cooperation with general practitioners for a better screening and treatment plan for this population.
Summary		Namen prispevka je analiza splošne populacije s ciljem določiti prevalenco škodljivega uživanja in odvisnosti od alkohola ter najpogostejše patologije na prvi in drugi osi diagnosticiranja v psihiatriji. Analiziral sem del splošne populacije (n=1655). Preiskovanci so izpolnili vprašalnik za samovrednotenje, ki je prepoznaval najpogostejše simptome na prvi in drugi osi diagnosticiranja v psihiatriji. Škodljivo uživanje in odvisnost od alkohola sta bili prisotni pri 17,6% splošne populacije, oz. pri 28,5% moških in 8% žensk. Osebe v tem vzorcu so glede na ostali del splošne populacije imele značilno več depresije, somatoformnih motenj, samomorilnosti, psihofičnih znakov in osebnostnih motenj. Med slednjimi so bila značilna pogostejše mešana, mejna, disocialna, paranoidna, histrionična, pasivno-agresivna, narcistična in obsesivno-kompulzivna. Pri njih je bilo prisotnih značilno več dejavnikov ogrožanja za razvoj psihičnih in vedenjskih težav v odrasli dobi: alkoholizem, finančne težave ter smrt ali ločitve staršev v primarni družini. Osebe iz te podskupine so značilno pogosteje obiskovale zdravnike splošne/družinske medicine in psihiatre zaradi psihičnih težav. Glede na veliko ogroženost omenjene populacije, je potrebno povečati sodelovanje z zdravniki splošne medicine za uspešnejše presejanje in usmerjanje bolnikov s težavami zaradi uživanja alkoholnih pijač v nadaljnjo obravnavo škodljivega uživanja ali odvisnosti od alkohola.
Descriptors		ALCOHOLISM COMORBIDITY DEPRESSIVE DISORDER SUICIDE SOMATOFORM DISORDERS PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS PREVALENCE QUESTIONNAIRES