Author/Editor		Petelin, Milan
Title		Vpliv parodontalne bolezni na zdravje pljuč
Translated title		Influence of periodontal disease on pulmonary health
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 43, št. 1
Publication year		2004
Volume		str. 33-6
Language		slo
Abstract		Pneumonia may be a risky disease in spite of its contemporary treatment with antibiotics. It is the fifth cause of death in the population. The morbidity rate of aspiration pneumonia caused by Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria from the oral cavity or throat is about 30%. The risk for aspiration pneumonia is much greater among alcoholics, intensive care patients, patients after stroke and nursing home residents. Dental plaque is a reservoir of microorganisms and a favourable milieu for the growth of respiratory pathogens. It is therefore possible that patients with periodontal disease are at a higher risk of aspiration pneumonia. The respiratory epithelium can be modified by enzymes and cytokines that are released during periodontal disease and enable the accumulation and multiplication of bacteria on its surface. Oral pathogens may be aspirated into the pulmonary airways and may cause a pulmonary infection. The health status of teeth and periodontal tissues, as well as proper oral hygiene are important preventative procedures for preventing pulmonary infections in high-risk patients.
Summary		Vsaka pljučnica je lahko nevarna bolezen in kljub sodobnemu zdravljenju z antibiotiki je na petem mestu vzrokov smrti. Pri aspiracijski pljučnici, ki jo povzročijo po Gramu negativne anaerobne bakterije iz ustne votline in žrela, pa je smrtnost 30% in več. Nevarnost aspiracijske pljučnice je velika predvsem pri alkoholikih, starejših nepokretnih bolnikih, bolnikih na intenzivnih oddelkih ali bolnikih po kapi. Zobne obloge so rezervoar mikroorganizmov. V njih so ugodni pogoji za razmnoževanje bakterij, ki povzročajo vnetje pljuč, če jih aspiriramo. Zato je pri bolnikih z vnetjem obzobnih tkiv nevarnost, da zaradi aspiriranja sline zbolijo za pljučnico, večja. Encimi in citokini, ki se sproščajo pri parodontalni bolezni, lahko spremenijo epitelij dihalnih poti in s tem omogočijo razraščanje bakterij na njem. Skrb za zdravje zob in obzobnih tkiv ter pravilno ustno higieno je pri rizični populaciji bolnikov pomemben preventivni ukrep pri okužbi pljuč.
Descriptors		PERIODONTAL DISEASES DENTAL PLAQUE PNEUMONIA, ASPIRATION