| Author/Editor | Poredoš, Pavel | |
| Title | Involvement of endothelial dysfunction in atherogenesis | |
| Type | članek | |
| Source | In: Clark LV, editor. Focus on atherosclerosis research. Hauppauge, New York: Nova biomedical books, | |
| Publication year | 2004 | |
| Volume | str. 165-83 | |
| Language | eng | |
| Abstract | Healthy endothelium plays a central role in cardiovascular control. Therefore, endothelial dysfunction (ED) may have a particularly significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. ED is a consequence of the harmful effects of risk factors of atherosclerosis on the vessel wall and is closely related to the number of risk factors, to their intensity and their duration. ED has been demonstrated in subjects with hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, hypertension, smoking and in patients with atherosclerotic disease (coronary, peripheral arterial). It was also shown that ED is an early event in type I and II diabetes and that it is related to the development and progression of diabetic vascular complications. It was shown that ED (demonstrated by flow mediated endothelium dependent dilation) is inversely related to the extent of microalbuminuria. The involvement of risk factors in ED is also supported by results of intervention studies that showed regression of ED with treatment of risk factors. Improvement of ED may be achieved by elimination of risk factors, by substitution of natural protective endothelial substances (e. g, L-arginine), inhibitors of endothelium-derived contracting factors (e.g., ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor antagonists), cytoprotective agents (e.g., free-radical scavengers such as superoxide dismutase), lipid-lowering drugs or diets and by physical exercise. All these data show that ED is reversible and by treatment of risk factors it is possible to restore vascular function. (Abstract truncated at 2000 characters) | |
| Descriptors | ATHEROSCLEROSIS ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA DIABETES MELLITUS HYPERTENSION RISK FACTORS SMOKING CORONARY DISEASE HEART FAILURE, CONGESTIVE NITRIC OXIDE VASODILATION ENDOTHELIN-1 VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR ALTEPLASE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1 INTERCELLULAR ADHESION MOLECULE-1 NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE C-REACTIVE PROTEIN |