Author/Editor		Stantič-Pavlinič, Mirjana; Grom, Jože
Title		Netopir v našem okolju
Translated title		Bat in our environment
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 74, št. 4
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 245-7
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. All around the world exist more than thousand species of bats. In spite of some advantageous characteristics, mostly recognised in several insectivorous species, bats can transmit different kinds of microorganisms - the causes of infectious diseases. Microbial agents, recognised in connection with bats are: lyssavirus, Nipah virus, Hystoplasma capsulatum fungus, etc. In Europe there live about 28 species of bats. The most cases of European bat lyssaviruses (EBL1 and EBL2 were demonstrated in the Eptesicus serotinus species placed in Slovenia as well. We are presenting available data on rabies prevention. The rate of post-exposure treatment against rabies after the bite of bats in Slovenia is below 1% and is comparable with the remainder of Europe. Conclusions. In most European countries, including Slovenia, the bats are included in the lists of animal species protected by the law. In spite of that, the programs of investigations of bats, including the recognition and prevention of diseases transmitted by bats are implemented. We believe that such program should be prepared in Slovenia as well. We propose for that purposes the establishment of co-operation between the medical institutions, veterinarians, cave explorers associations, societies for bat protections and other interested institutions.
Summary		Izhodišča. Po svetu poznajo več kot tisoč vrst netopirjev. Poleg nekaterih koristnih lastnosti, ki jih predvsem žužkojede vrste predstavljajo za okolje, prenaša netopir tudi različne povzročite je nalezljivih bolezni. Med te sodi lyssavirus, virus Nipah, glivica Hystoplasma capsulatum in druge. V evropskem prostoru so spoznali okoli 28 vrst netopirjev. Največ dokazanih primerov lyssavirusne okužbe, povzročene z EBL1 (European bat lyssavirus) in EBL2 je zaznanih med vrsto Eptesicus serotinus, ki se nahaja tudi na ozemlju Slovenije. Predstavili bomo dosegljive podatke o izvajanju zaščite pred steklino. Delež post ekspozicijske zaščite v skupnem številu cepljenih oseb znaša na našem ozemlju manj kot 1% vseh cepljenih in je primerljiv s tovrstnimi podatki v Evropi. Zaključki. V večini evropskih držav in tudi v Sloveniji se netopir uvršča med živalske vrste, ki so s predpisi zaščiteni. Kljub temu poteka izvajanje programov preučevanja netopirjev, v sestavi katerih je tudi spoznavanje in preprečevanje bolezni, ki se prenašajo z netopirji. Menimo, da je potrebno tudi v Sloveniji pripraviti tovrstne programe. V ta namen je potrebno vzpostaviti sodelovanje med zdravstveno in veterinarsko službo, jamarskimi društvi, društvom za zaščito netopirjev in ostalimi zainteresiranimi ustanovami.
Descriptors		CHIROPTERA DISEASE VECTORS RABIES RABIES VACCINE LYSSAVIRUS