Author/Editor		Štempelj, Mateja; Ferjan, Ilonka
Title		Živčni rastni dejavnik - njegova vloga pri astmi in alergijskih reakcijah
Translated title		Nerve growth factor - its role in asthma and allergic reactions
Type		članek
Source		Zdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 74, št. 5
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 307-9
Language		slo
Abstract		Background. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays an important role in the growth, differentiation and survival of peripheral and central neurons. Beside neurotrophical activity, NGF exerts several effects on the cells of immune system. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of NGF in asthma and allergic diseases, such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Conclusions. Elevated NGF concentractions have been observed in biological fluids of patients with asthma and allergic diseases. The concentraction of NGF further rises after sensitization with allergen. Numerous studies have reported NGF synthesis by almost all inflammatory cells. In addition, most inflammatory cells express TrkA and p75 NGF receptors. Since the activation of mast cells with NGF evokes release of histamine within minutes, this could indicate the potential role of NGF in the early stage of allergic reaction. The late phase of allergic reaction is characterized by infiltration of eosinophils. The activation of eosinophils with NGF evokes release of cytotoxic mediators (major basic protein). Several data also suggest that NGF plays a role in airway inflammation, bronchoconstriction, hyperresponsiveness and remodelling, all observed in patients with asthma. All these results indicate that NGF contributes to responses in allergic inflammation and asthma.
Summary		Izhodišča. Živčni rastni dejavnik (NGF; angl. nerve growth factor) je nevrotrofični dejavnik, potreben za rast, diferenciacijo in preživetje nevronov centralnega in perifernega živčnega sistema. Poleg nevrotrofičnega delovanja ima NGF številne učinke na celice imunskega sistema. Zadnje raziskave kažejo, da ima NGF pomembno vlogo pri astmi in alergijskih reakcijah, kot sta elergijski rinitis in urtikarija. Zaključki. V bioloških tekočinah bolnikov z astmo in z alergijo se nahaja povišana koncentracija NGF, ki še naraste po senzitaciji organizma z alergenom. NGF sintetizirajo skoraj vse vnetne in strukturne celice, ki sodelujejo pri alergijskih procesih. Prav tako večina celic, vključenih v vnetje, izraža receptorje TrkA in p75 za vezavo NGF. Mastociti so poglavitnega pomena v takojšnji fazi alergijske reakcije. Vezava NGF na receptorje TrkA na mastocitih v nekaj minutah sproži sproščanje vnetnega mediatorja histamina. NGF sproži tudi sproščanje citotoksičnih mediatorjev (poglavitni bazični protein) iz eozinofilcev, ki imajo ključno vlogo v pozni fazi alergijske reakcije. V dihalnih poteh sproži povečana koncentracija NGF simptome, ki so značilni za astmo, na primer vnetje in zožitev dihalnih poti, povečano odzivnost in preoblikovanje bronhov. Vse te študije kažejo, da ima NGF poleg nevrotrofične aktivnosti pomembno vlogo tudi pri uravnavanju alergijskih procesov in astmi.
Descriptors		ASTHMA NERVE GROWTH FACTORS RECEPTORS, NERVE GROWTH FACTOR HYPERSENSITIVITY MAST CELLS INFLAMMATION HISTAMINE