Author/Editor		Peterlin-Potisk, Karmen
Title		Epilepsija po nezgodni možganski poškodbi
Translated title		Epilepsy after traumatic brain injury
Type		članek
Source		In: Košorok V, Grabljevec K, editors. Poškodba glave - vpliv celovite nevrorehabilitacijske obravnave na funkcijski izid. Zbornik predavanj 16. dnevi rehabilitacijske medicine; 2005 mar 18-19; Ljubljana. Ljubljana: Inštitut Republike Slovenije za rehabilitacijo,
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 119-27
Language		slo
Abstract		Purpose. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) not only has considerable morbidity and mortality, but is a major cause of epilepsy. In general, the incidence of posttraumatic seizures varies with time period after injury and population age range under study as well as the spectrum of severity of the inciting injuries, and has been reported to be anywhere from 2% to 57%. As high as 86% of patients with one seizure after TBI will have a second in the next 2 years. Significant risk factors for the development of late seizures include seizures within the first week, acute intracerebral hematoma (especially subdural hematoma), brain contusion, increased injury severity, and age over 65 years at the time of injury. Prevention of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is of primary importance to reduce the degree of functional morbidity following TBI. Although potentially preventable, no effective prophylaxis for PTE currently exists. Prior attempts to prevent posttraumatic epileptogenesis used various anticonvulsants, usually given many hours after injury. Generally these studies showed these agents suppressed seizures in the first week after trauma, but had no effect on the incidence of late PTE. Recent advances in basic and clinical research offer new hope for success in the development of new strategies for prevention and treatment. Conclusions. Prophylactic treatment with anticonvulsats should be initiated as soon as possible after TBI to decrease the risk of posttraumatic seizures occuring within the first week. For PTE prevention no drugs has been shown to be effective. In the case of PTE an appropriate anticonvulsive is prescreibed following recommendations which apply for epelpsy treatment.
Descriptors		BRAIN INJURIES EPILEPSY ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ANTICONVULSANTS