Author/Editor		Bratanič, N; Žerjav-Tanšek, M; Uršič-Bratina, N; Kržišnik, C; Battelino, T
Title		Presnovna bolezen kosti pri kronični vnetni črevesni bolezni
Translated title		Metabolic bone disease in chronic inflammatory bowel disease
Type		članek
Source		In: Gregorič A, editor. Otrok s kronično črevesno boleznijo, bolečina pri otroku, zdravstveno varstvo otrok in mladine: organizacija, stroka, denar. Zbornik 15. srečanje pediatrov v Mariboru z mednarodno udeležbo in 2. srečanje medicinskih sester z mednarodno udeležbo; 2005 apr 15-16; Maribor. Maribor: Splošna bolnišnica Maribor,
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 43-8
Language		slo
Abstract		Osteoporosis is associated with an increased risk of fractures, which particularly in older people significantly increases the morbidity and mortality rates. It also occurs frequently in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, especially children and adolescents. Numerous factors jointly contribute to the emergence of osteoporosis: undernourishment, proinflammatory cytokines and long-term treatment with corticosteroids. Bone density is most frequently measured with a two-photon x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and is expressed as the number of standard deviations from the mean. Osteopenia is defined as a decreased bone mass in the range between -1 and -2.5 SD from average, while a deviation of more than -2.5 SD is defined as osteoporosis. Treatment consists of general preventative measures, such as ensuring an appropriate daily intake of calcium and vitamin D, appropriate physical activity, and medications, among which biphosphates have been the most influential.
Descriptors		INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES BONE DISEASES, METABOLIC OSTEOPOROSIS BONE DENSITY ABSORPTIOMETRY, PHOTON DIPHOSPHATES CYTOKINES ADRENAL CORTEX HORMONES FRACTURES, SPONTANEOUS