Author/Editor		Kornhauser-Cerar, Lilijana; Blejec, Tanja; Čebular, Boštjan
Title		Otroci mater z epilepsijo
Translated title		Children born to mothers with epilepsy
Type		članek
Source		Med Razgl
Vol. and No.		Letnik 44, št. Suppl 3
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 13-7
Language		slo
Abstract		Although the majority of children born to women with epilepsy are normal, these children are at increased risk of both anatomic and cognitive impairments. Although the exact mechanism of these effects remains to be delineated, current evidence suggests that they may result from in utero antiepileptic drug exposure combined with increased seizure frequency during pregnancy and genetic predisposition. Potential adverse outcomes in children include fetal loss and perinatal death, preterm birth and low birth weight, dysmorphisms and major congenital malformations, neonatal hemorrhage and withdrawal symptoms, and postnatal developmental delay or behaviour disorders. All older anticonvulsant drugs have been associated with the increased risk of adverse outcomes, yet most of these drugs do not produce any specific pattern of malformations. The number of reported exposed pregnancies with new antiepileptic drugs is not yet large enough to exclude the increased risk of adverse outcomes in children. Careful planning and management of pregnancy and birth by a team of neurologists, gynecologists, obstetricians, and pediatricians is essential to increase the likelihood of a healthy outcome for the mother and infant.
Summary		Čeprav večina mater z epilepsijo rodi zdravega otroka, je tveganje za motnje v telesnem in duševnem razvoju njihovih otrok povečano. Natančen mehanizem okvare danes še ni pojasnjen, glede na dokaze pa se prepletajo škodljivi vplivi protiepileptičnih zdravil, povečana pogostnost napadov v nosečnosti ter dedni dejavniki. Pri otrocih mater z epilepsijo je dokazano večje tveganje za smrt v maternici in v obporodnem obdobju, za prezgodnje rojstvo in nizko porodno težo, za manjše in večje prirojene napake, za krvavitve in odtegnitveni sindrom v obdobju novorojenčka ter za kasnejše motnje v razvoju in obnašanju. Čeprav so vsa starejša protiepileptična zdravila povezana s povečanim tveganjem, pa večine ne moremo povezati z zanje značilno vrsto prirojene napake. Zaenkrat je število poročil o varni uporabi »novejših« protiepileptičnih zdravil v nosečnosti premajhno, da bi lahko izključili njihovo povezavo s slabim izidom pri otroku. Sodelovanje nevrologa, ginekologa, porodničarja in pediatra v načrtovanju in vodenju nosečnosti in poroda je nujno, če želimo povečati verjetnost za dober izid za mater in otroka.
Descriptors		EPILEPSY ANTICONVULSANTS ABNORMALITIES DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES INFANT, NEWBORN