Author/Editor     Šega-Jazbec, Saša; Horvat-Ledinek, Alenka
Title     Klinična slika in zdravljenje multiple skleroze
Translated title     Clinical features and treatments of multiple sclerosis
Type     članek
Source     Med Razgl
Vol. and No.     Letnik 44, št. Suppl 1
Publication year     2005
Volume     str. 85-9
Language     slo
Abstract     Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of chronic disability in young adults. In more than 50% of these patients, the disease begins between the ages of 20 and 40. Its clinical course can be relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive or primary progressive. Because areas of focal demyelination are disseminated throughout the CNS, the symptoms and signs of multiple sclerosis are varied and many. The most common symptoms are paresthesiae, weakness, blurred vision, diplopia, gait and balance disorders, incoordination and bladder symptoms. Treatment of multiple sclerosis can be divided into symptomatic treatments, treatment of relapses, and prevention of disease progression. Symptomatic treatment can relieve spasticity, fatigue, bladder dysfunction, pain, depression, erectile dysfunction, while corticosteroids are used for treating relapses. Immunomodulatory drugs (interferon-(3 and glatiramer acetate) and immunosuppressive drugs (mitoxantrone) are used to reduce the relapse rate and slow down the progression of relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
Summary     Multipla skleroza je eden najpogostejših vzrokov invalidnosti pri mladih Ijudeh. Pri več kot polovici bolnikov se bolezen začne med 20. in 40. letom starosti. Glede na potek delimo bolezen v recidivno-remitentno, sekundarno progresivno in primarno progresivno obliko. Ker so demielinizacijski plaki razsejani po vsem osrednjem živčevju, so bolezenski simptomi in znaki številni in različni. Najpogostejši so pareze, senzorični simptomi, motnje vida, motnje ravnotežja in hoje, motnje mokrenja. Zdravljenje multiple skleroze delimo na simptomatsko, zdravljenje zagonov bolezni in na imunomodulatorno zdravljenje. S simptomatskim zdravljenjem lajšamo spastičnost, utrudljivost, motnje mokrenja, bolečine, motnje razpoloženja. Zagone bolezni zdravimo s kortikosteroidi. Z imunomodulatornimi zdravili (interferon-(3 in glatiramer acetat) in imunosupresivnimi zdravili (mitoxantron) skušamo zmanjšati število zagonov bolezni in upočasniti napredovanje bolezni pri recidivno-remitentni in sekundarno progresivni obliki bolezni.
Descriptors     MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS