Author/Editor		Matek, I; Koželj, V
Title		Pojavnost zgornjega stranskega stalnega sekalca pri otrocih z orofacialnimi shizami
Translated title		The permanent upper lateral incisor in children with orofacial clefts
Type		članek
Source		Zobozdrav Vestn
Vol. and No.		Letnik 60, št. 3-5
Publication year		2005
Volume		str. 295-303
Language		slo
Abstract		Background: In our experience children with orofacial clefts have a higher prevalence of supernumerary upper lateral incisors than children without a cleft. Operations undertaken to repair a cleft can damage tooth germs. Methods: In a retrospective study, the clinical records of 705 children with orofacial clefts treated at the Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery in Ljubljana were analysed for the presence and number of upper lateral incisors. The children were divided into groups according to the type of clefts. Results and conclusions: Normal presence of upper lateral incisors was seen most frequently with isolated cleft palate, followed by unilateral cleft lip and alveolus, cleft tip, and incomplete cleft lip and alveolus. Supernumerary upper lateral incisors occurred mainly with clefts interrupting the continuity of the alveolar ridge; their prevalence in children with isolated cleft palate was the same as in the general population. Absence of lateral incisors was associated mainly with complete bilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate; it was somewhat less frequent in children with complete unilateral cleft lip, alveolus and palate. Operations that involved lifting a palatal flap in the area of a developing tooth germ resulted in loss of the tooth in 10% of cases. The likelihood of tooth germs being damaged during surgery depended on the extent of the procedure. In operations of isolated cleft palate, fewer tooth germs were damaged if a modified palatal flep was employed, compared to the standard procedure (p<0.001).
Summary		Izhodišča: Po naši izkušnji imajo otroci s shizo pogosteje podvojen zgornji stranski sekalec kot vrstniki brez shize. Kirurški posegi, ki so potrebni zaradi shize, lahko zametke uničijo. Preiskovanci in metoda: Retrospektivna študija je narejena na kliničnih podatkih o stanju zgornjega stranskega sekalca pri 705 otrocih, rojenih od 1. 1. 1979 do 31. 12. 1993, ki so se radi shize zdravili na Kliničnem oddelku za maksilofacialno in oralno kirurgijo. Po diagnozi shize smo jih razdelili na tri osnovne skupine s podskupinami, kar je omogočalo načrtovano analizo. Rezultati: Normalno število zgornjih sekalcev imajo najpogosteje otroci z izolirano palatoshizo, sledijo popolne heilognatoshize, heiloshize in nepopolne heilognatoshize, popolne enostranske heilognatopalatoshize, nepopolne heilognatopalatoshize in popolne obojestranske heilognatopalatoshize. Podvojenost stranskega sekalca se pojavlja pogosteje, kadar je prekinjen čeljustni greben, pri izoliranih palatoshizah je tako pogosta kot pri osebah brez shize. Brez stranskega sekalca so najpogosteje otroci s popolno obojestransko heilognatopalatoshizo, sledijo popolne enostranske heilognatopalatoshize in popolne heilognatoshize. Pri izoliranih palatoshizah je poškodovanih zametkov manj, kadar uporabimo modificiran nebni reženj (p < 0,001). Zaključki: Podvojen zgornji stranski sekalec se pogosteje pojavlja pri shizah, ki imajo prekinjen čeljustni greben. Pri operaciji v tem predelu lahko poškodujemo zametek, obsežnost operacije ima pri tem pomembno vlogo. Dvigovanje nebnega režnja v predelu, kjer se razvijata zametka za stranska sekalca, vodi v okvaro in izgubo zoba pri 10 % otrok s palatoshizo.
Descriptors		CLEFT LIP CLEFT PALATE TOOTH, SUPERNUMERARY INCISOR CHILD