Author/Editor     Blažič, Mateja; Trebše, Polonca; Drobne, Damjana
Title     Vpliv imidakloprida na rast, prehrano ter aktivnost encimov AChE in GST pri kopenskih enakonožnih rakih
Translated title     Effect of imidacloprid on growth, feeding rate and activity of AChE and GST enzymes in the terrestrial isopods Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea)
Type     članek
Source     In: Maček J, editor. Zbornik predavanj in referatov 7. slovensko posvetovanje o varstvu rastlin; 2005 mar 8-10; Zreče. Ljubljana: Društvo za varstvo rastlin Slovenije,
Publication year     2005
Volume     str. 106-13
Language     slo
Abstract     Neonicotinoids are relatively new systemic insecticides, which are chemically alike nicotine toxin, preset in tobacco. Similarly as nicotine, neonicotinoids act on the nerve system. We want to find out, if the replacement of organophosphates with neonicotinoids in suitable and what kind of consequences it bring for non-target organisms and lifeless nature and also for the mankind. The aim of our study was to find out how do imidacloprid as a representative of neonicotinoids influence on growth, feeding rate and activity of some enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase and glutathion-S-transferase in terrestrial isopods. In addition we wanted to know of we are able to presume if the effects we have observed are the result of exposure to imidacloprid and from that reason they represent a biomarkers in toxicity tests with terrestrial isopods (Porcellio scaber) when testing neonicotinoids. In the first experiment we wanted to assess the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) after two weeks of exposure of terrestrial isopods Porcellio scaber to imidacloprid, added in food in concentrations of 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 microg imidacloprid/g dry food. No changes in the AChE activity were observed after the exposure to imidacloprid. In the second study glutathion-Stransferase (GST) activity was determined in the experiment with adults at concentrations 0,10 and 25 microg imidacloprid/g dry food as the consequence of exposure to imidacloprid. The results have shown that after 2 weeks of exposure the GST activity was increased in animals, exposed to 10 microg imidacloprid/g dry food and decreased in animals, exposed to 25 microg imidacloprid/g dry food. After two weeks of exposure to imidacloprid, added in food there were observable effects on feeding parameters (consumption rate, assimilation efficiency) at concentrations 10 and 25 microg imidacloprid/g dry food. No effect on growth rate, proteins and lipids content was observed.
Summary     Neonikotinoidi so relativno novi sistemični insekticidi, ki so kemično podobni nikotinu toksinu v tobaku. Podobno kot nikotin, tudi neonikotinoidi delujejo na živčni sistem. Namen študije je bil ugotoviti, kako imidakloprid kot predstavnik neonikotinoidov vpliva na rast, prehrano in aktivnost nekaterih encimov kot sta acetilholinesteraza in glutation-S-transferaza pri kopenskih enakonožnih rakih in ali lahko predpostavimo, da so omenjeni učinki posledica onesnaženja z imidaklopridom ter tako predstavljajo biomarkerje v testih strupenosti s kopenskimi enakonožnimi raki (Porcellio scaber) pri testiranju neonikotinoidov. V ta namen smo v prvem eksperimentu ugotavljali spremembe aktivnosti encimov AChE (acetilholinesteraze) pri kopenskih enakonožnih rakih (Porcellio scaber) po dveh tednih izpostavitve imidaklopridu v koncentracijah 1, 2.5, 5 in 10 microg imidakloprida na težo suhe hrane (microg/g). Rezultati poskusa so pokazali, da se aktivnost omenjenega encima ne spreminja glede na koncentracijo imidakloprida, dodanega v hrano. V drugi študiji, v kateri so bili odrasli osebki izpostavljeni koncentracijam 0, 10 in 25 microg imidakloprida/g suhe hrane, smo merili spreminjanje aktivnosti encima glutation-S-transferaze (GST) kot posledico izpostavitve imidaklopridu. Rezultati so pokazali povečano aktivnost encima GST pri koncentraciji 10 wg/g suhe hrane ter zmanjšano aktivnost GST pri koncentraciji 25 microg/g suhe hrane. Po dveh tednih izpostavitve imidaklopridu v hrani, smo opazili tudi učinke na izračunane parametre prehrane (privzem in asimilacijska učinkovitost) pri koncentracijab 10 in 25 microg imidakloprida/g suhe hrane. Na rast živali ter vsebnost proteinov in lipidov pa izpostavitev imidaklopridu ni imela učinka pri nobeni od izbranih koncentracij. Ključne besede: energetske rezerve, glutation-S-transferaza, imidakloprid, Porcellio scaber, strupenost
Descriptors     CRUSTACEA
INSECTICIDES, BOTANICAL
NICOTINIC AGONISTS
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE
GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES
FEEDING BEHAVIOR